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2024-12-04 17:05:12

제작된 시험지/답지 다운로드 (총 82문제)
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시험지 제작 소요 포인트: 82 포인트
제목(영) 유형 시험지 세트 수 0.5포인트/1지문,1세트 0
제목(한) 유형 시험지 세트 수 0.5포인트/1지문,1세트 0
주제(영) 유형 시험지 세트 수 0.5포인트/1지문,1세트 0
주제(한) 유형 시험지 세트 수 0.5포인트/1지문,1세트 0
일치(영) 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
일치(한) 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
불일치(영) 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
불일치(한) 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
일치개수(영) 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
일치개수(한) 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
순서 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 1
문장빈칸-하 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
문장빈칸-중 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
문장빈칸-상 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
흐름-하 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
흐름-중 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
흐름-상 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 1
위치-하 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
위치-중 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
위치-상 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
밑줄 의미 추론 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
어법-하 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
어법-중 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
어법-상 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
어휘-하 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
어휘-중 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
어휘-상 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
요약문완성 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
서술형조건-하 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
서술형조건-중 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
서술형조건-상 유형 시험지 세트 수 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
종합 시험지 세트 수 및 포함 유형 설정 1포인트/1지문,1세트 0
지문 (41개)
# 영어 지문 지문 출처
지문 1
FOBO, or Fear of a Better Option, refers to the unease that arises from the possibility that a superior choice may present itself. This phenomenon creates a reluctance to commit to current decisions, often stemming from an abundance of options. Instead of thoroughly evaluating available alternatives, individuals tend to postpone resolution, similar to how one might continuously hit the snooze button on an alarm, opting to stay in bed rather than face the day. However, this momentary comfort comes at a cost. If you keep delaying the inevitable, you may find yourself in a rush, unprepared for the day ahead, which can lead to frustration and a negative mood. While delaying feels satisfying initially, it ultimately leads to unfavorable consequences.
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지문 2
Different species of animals have the ability to detect various ranges of odors, but no single species can perceive all molecular scents present in its habitat. Some odors go unnoticed by humans which certain animals can detect, and the opposite is also true. Furthermore, individual variations exist in odor detection and perception, which can affect how agreeable a scent is. For instance, while some individuals enjoy the flavor of coriander, often called cilantro in the United States, others may find it tastes soapy and unpleasant. This phenomenon is influenced by genetic differences linked to the genes that regulate olfactory capabilities. Ultimately, the specific scents each species can detect and their corresponding perceptions are shaped by the animal's ecological niche. The unique scent detection abilities of each species allow them to identify and react to smells that are pertinent to their survival and environmental interactions.
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지문 3
The human spirit fundamentally craves mobility, which inspires creativity and opens up transformative opportunities. This desire has driven progress and personal independence for over two centuries. Public transportation has played a crucial role in enabling this journey. The transportation sector does more than simply move individuals from one location to another; it links communities, places, and potential. It grants access to essential resources, cherished experiences, and personal aspirations. In this way, it fosters community growth, generates employment, enhances the economy, builds social and business networks, conserves time and energy, and empowers millions to improve their quality of life.
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지문 4
While fossils offer valuable insights into the past, they rarely provide a complete picture. Fossilization occurs under specific conditions, and as a result, the fossil record often overlooks the vast diversity of modern insect populations found in tropical forests. Many organisms either decompose quickly after death or are consumed by other species, leading to significant gaps where no fossils exist for crucial groups. This scenario is akin to a family photo collection; while some early moments might be well-documented, the later years may see infrequent photographs, with some occasions completely unrecorded. In essence, just as most of us lack a thorough photographic history of our lives, the fossil record can also display clear images from certain periods interspersed with substantial omissions. Recognizing these gaps is essential to understanding the complexities of our biological history.
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지문 5
In 1996, an American airline encountered a unique situation. While many airlines were struggling financially or facing bankruptcy, this company received requests from over 100 cities eager for service. However, the intriguing aspect was that the airline declined more than 95 percent of these proposals, opting to only add four new destinations. The management had predetermined a growth limit, prioritizing a manageable expansion rate over rapid growth. They aimed for consistent annual growth, but were cautious not to overextend themselves. This strategy allowed them to create a buffer for growth, ensuring their continued success during a period when competitors were faltering. By maintaining a sustainable approach, they demonstrated that pursuing steady progress could be advantageous, even in a challenging industry landscape.
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지문 6
Although two variables may appear to be linked, there might not be a direct causal connection between them. Often, their correlation is influenced by a third variable, leading to what sociologists refer to as a spurious relationship. A well-known instance of this is the false association between children's shoe sizes and their reading skills. While it may look like larger shoe sizes correspond with better reading abilities, this does not imply that foot size (the independent variable) enhances reading proficiency (the dependent variable). The true cause of this misleading link is age, which impacts both shoe size and reading capability. Therefore, when researchers seek to establish causal relationships between independent and dependent variables, it is crucial to account for or eliminate other factors that could be contributing to this spurious connection.
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지문 7
While daylight serves as the primary and most effective signal for resetting the brain's biological clock, it is not the only one. The brain is capable of utilizing other consistent external cues, such as scheduled meals, physical activity, and regular social interactions, to help adjust its internal rhythm. These elements can effectively recalibrate the biological clock to align with a precise twenty-four-hour cycle. This explains why certain individuals with specific types of blindness can maintain their circadian rhythms, even in the absence of light signals. They rely on alternative triggers to reset their clocks. Any external factor that contributes to the adjustment of the biological clock is known as a zeitgeber, which translates from German as 'time giver' or 'synchronizer.' Therefore, although light is the most dependable and primary zeitgeber, there are numerous additional cues that can assist in maintaining biological rhythms, particularly when light is unavailable.
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지문 8
Historical agricultural practices were closely intertwined with various technologies, belief systems, myths, and traditions, forming a cohesive social framework. Typically, communities cultivated diverse crops across multiple regions to secure a stable food supply. These practices were sustainable only at lower population densities and generally less harmful to the environment, though not without exceptions. In contemporary times, agriculture in many regions has diminished its local characteristics and become part of the global market. This transition has intensified the demand for agricultural land for the production of export commodities and cash crops. As a result, more land is repurposed from local food cultivation to prioritize these cash crops. Consequently, the variety of crops has decreased, and each type is produced in significantly larger quantities than in the past. This shift has led to the conversion of more forests and natural ecosystems into agricultural land aimed at export rather than subsistence.
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지문 9
In a 2007 study, researchers led by Katherine Kinzler at Harvard investigated how our inclination to connect with in-groups manifests early in life, possibly being an inherent trait. They observed five-month-old infants from English-speaking families and presented them with two videos: one featured a woman speaking English, while the other displayed a woman speaking Spanish. Following this, the infants viewed a screen showcasing both women in silence. In infant psychology, the primary measure for interest is through attention, as babies tend to gaze longer at stimuli they prefer. Kinzler's findings revealed that the infants focused more on the English-speaking woman. Additional studies have indicated that babies show a higher likelihood of accepting a toy from someone who shares their linguistic background. Such experiments are frequently referenced by psychologists as compelling evidence of our evolutionary predisposition to favor those who are similar to us.
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지문 10
When a guitar string is plucked, it oscillates rapidly, moving back and forth hundreds of times each second. This motion is too swift to be seen, resulting in only a blurred image of the string in action. On its own, a vibrating string produces minimal sound because its slender form does not displace much air. However, attaching the string to a large hollow body, such as a guitar, amplifies the sound significantly. The string's vibrations transfer to the wooden sides of the guitar, making them vibrate at the same frequency as the string. This wooden vibration generates more potent air pressure waves that propagate outward from the guitar. As these waves reach your eardrums, they cause them to resonate in and out at the same frequency as the original string's vibrations, allowing you to hear the note clearly.
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지문 11
The lines between professional and personal life are becoming increasingly indistinct, largely due to the prevalence of mobile technology that allows people to work from virtually anywhere at any time. Individuals have varying preferences regarding how they balance their work responsibilities with outside commitments. Some favor a strategy of separation or segmentation, which minimizes the overlap between their roles. For instance, these individuals may maintain distinct email accounts for work and personal communications, striving to focus on work tasks during office hours and family matters during personal time. It's common to see such segmenters using two different mobile devices—one dedicated to work and another for personal use. Flexible work schedules are particularly beneficial for these individuals, as they provide clearer distinctions between work hours and personal time. Conversely, other individuals opt for a more integrated approach, often staying connected with family throughout the workday by exchanging messages or checking emails during their free time, even while on vacation.
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지문 12
A complementary good refers to a product that is frequently used in conjunction with another item. For instance, popcorn is commonly enjoyed with movies, while a travel pillow is typically utilized on long flights. An increase in the demand for one product usually leads to a rise in sales for its complementary counterpart. By creating products that align with those already gaining popularity, businesses can secure a consistent demand for their offerings. Some items are considered perfectly complementary, as they need to be used together, like a lamp and its lightbulb. However, it's important not to assume that all products are perfectly complementary, as consumers may have alternatives. For example, while car owners generally need gasoline, they have the option to switch to electric vehicles.
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지문 13
It is widely recognized that individuals often assess others based on their attire. Generally, research on this topic indicates that people tend to prefer clothing that aligns with societal norms—such as doctors in scrubs or young boys in traditional blue clothing. However, a notable exception exists. A series of studies detailed in a June 2014 article in the Journal of Consumer Research examined how observers reacted to individuals who made only minor deviations from these norms. In one scenario, a man dressed in a red bow tie at a formal event was perceived to possess greater status and competence. Similarly, audience members rated a professor wearing red sneakers during a lecture more favorably in terms of status and competence. These findings imply that slightly unconventional choices are viewed positively, as they suggest the individual possesses the confidence to challenge social expectations.
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지문 14
From an organizational perspective, it is intriguing to see how various cultural types can exist within different departments of the same organization. Each department tends to interpret situations through its own specific lens, often leading to biases and a narrow focus that prevents members from understanding alternative viewpoints. Such departmental perspectives can generate conflict due to the inherent structure of the organization itself. The choice between a mechanistic and organic structure significantly impacts how conflicts are managed. A mechanistic structure is characterized by a rigid vertical hierarchy replete with numerous rules, procedures, and multiple management tiers that complicate decision-making. In contrast, organic structures favor a more horizontal approach, distributing decision-making authority throughout the organization, thereby enhancing flexibility and collaboration among departments.
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지문 15
A highly effective method to alleviate traffic congestion is by eliminating it altogether. Many cities have designated a comprehensive array of lanes and streets exclusively for bicycles, pedestrians, and occasional service vehicles. This encourages individuals to opt for cycling instead of driving, thereby enhancing safety for everyone on the road. As biking gains traction in urban areas, city planners can repurpose car lanes and entire streets to further accommodate cyclists. However, even the most bike-friendly cities still necessitate lanes for motor vehicles such as taxis, emergency response units, and delivery trucks. Although delivery vehicles often face criticism, they play a vital role in promoting greener cities. A compact delivery truck is considerably more efficient for transporting goods than numerous hybrid cars transporting minimal items. By supplying food and other products to local vendors, delivery services enable smaller neighborhood stores to thrive, allowing residents to walk to their grocery shops instead of relying on cars.
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지문 16
Whenever a new medium emerges—be it the printed book, television, or social networking services—it's akin to donning a fresh pair of goggles, each with its unique hues and lenses. These goggles alter your perception, enabling you to view the world through the lens of the medium. For instance, upon immersing yourself in television, you don't just comprehend the specific content of a show—whether it's a game show like Wheel of Fortune or a drama like The Wire—but you begin to perceive reality as shaped by the television experience itself. This notion aligns with Marshall McLuhan's assertion that new communication mediums carry their inherent messages that subtly guide our understanding of the world through new frameworks. According to McLuhan, the manner in which information is delivered holds greater significance than the information itself. Television, for instance, imparts a lesson about the rapid nature of life, emphasizing superficiality and appearances over depth.
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지문 17
Social media fame serves as a pathway for some content creators to attain a form of celebrity that is distinct from traditional elite fame. Many of these creators seek to gain recognition in a way that mirrors reality television personalities, often facing criticism for lacking conventional talents such as acting or singing. This critique underscores the challenges digital creators encounter when attempting to transition into elite celebrity status. However, it overlooks the critical idea that ordinary fame redefines our understanding of celebrity. Instead of being like stars, which evoke a sense of mystery and social hierarchy tied to innate talent and class distinctions, ordinary celebrities build their following through relatable and consistent interactions with everyday people. Attaining this form of fame on social media can be compared to excelling in a game, where recognition is simply a matter of achieving high scores on measures of attention, such as the number of subscribers, followers, likes, or clicks that are integral to social media platforms.
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지문 18
The landscape of higher education has transitioned from an exclusive elite model to a more widespread mass system globally. In the aftermath of the Second World War, Europe and the USA witnessed a significant rise in enrollment rates. From 2000 to 2014, the global participation in higher education among individuals typically aged 18 to 23 nearly doubled, climbing from 19% to 34%. This remarkable growth has led to a broader spectrum of educational institutions and a more varied student demographic. The shift from an elite educational framework to a mass higher education system has been largely influenced by political agendas aimed at cultivating a specialized workforce to meet economic demands. Ideally, expanding higher education to create a highly skilled labor pool would reduce the emphasis on standardized examinations for student selection and encourage assessment methods that promote lifelong learning, highlighting developmental feedback. However, the sociopolitical push for greater access to higher education has created a complex 'field of contradictions' concerning assessment practices. The mass educational model often necessitates streamlined assessment methods, such as standardized tests and multiple-choice questions, which focus on grades rather than feedback. Conversely, the limited number of students in earlier elite systems fostered closer interactions with instructors, allowing formative feedback to significantly influence students' intellectual development, academic abilities, and personal growth.
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지문 19
Serene attempted a pirouette in front of her mother but ended up falling to the ground. Her mother quickly assisted her in getting back up and encouraged her to persist if she wanted to improve. Despite her mother's support, Serene felt close to tears; she had been working diligently for a week but felt no progress. Her mother shared her own experiences, revealing that she too faced challenges at Serene's age, having fallen numerous times. In fact, she once injured her ankle and had to take a break from dancing for three months. Serene was taken aback; her mother, a renowned ballerina, seemed so flawless during performances. Hearing her mother's story made Serene realize that she needed to dedicate herself more fully to her practice, understanding that effort and perseverance were essential for success in dance.
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지문 20
Many individuals envision possible future outcomes based on previous setbacks and become ensnared by them. For instance, if you've encountered failure in a specific area before, you may predict similar negative results when faced with that scenario again, allowing fear to keep you anchored in the past. It's essential not to define your decisions by past experiences. Remember that your future does not have to mirror your history, and positive changes are possible. Choose to release your past, as it only robs you of current aspirations when you permit it to dominate your thoughts.
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지문 21
According to storyteller Syd Lieberman, stories in history serve as anchors for facts, making them more memorable for students. A high school in Boulder, Colorado, is currently testing a method in which storytellers deliver historical content in an engaging manner, followed by group discussions to encourage further reading. In contrast, another group of students engages in conventional research and report writing. Findings suggest that the material presented by storytellers captivates students more effectively and resonates on a personal level, compared to the more traditional educational approach.
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지문 22
Health experts recommend opting for stairs instead of elevators, as well as walking or biking to work as beneficial habits. Climbing stairs offers an excellent physical workout, and those who use walking or biking as a means of commute generally fulfill their daily exercise requirements. Nevertheless, many individuals encounter obstacles in their surroundings that hinder these options. It is unlikely that people will choose to walk or cycle on roads without safe sidewalks or designated bike paths, especially in areas with speeding vehicles or poor air quality. Similarly, few individuals would prefer to use stairwells that are unsafe or inconvenient in contemporary buildings. Conversely, residents in areas with accessible walking and biking routes, public parks, and available fitness centers tend to utilize these resources frequently.
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지문 23
How can we encourage our children to retain a wide array of information? Allow me to demonstrate that everyone possesses the potential for genius, equipped with minds capable of storing, managing, and recalling extensive information through repetitive memorization. Consider your regular grocery store. If I were to ask you the location of the eggs, you would certainly know. Despite a typical grocery store housing over 10,000 items, you can easily pinpoint the majority of them. The reason lies in the store's organized layout, which you have navigated multiple times. In essence, the structured arrangement of items allows you to memorize the store's configuration effectively. You have the capacity to categorize and remember the locations of many items within just one familiar shopping environment.
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지문 24
The initial underwater photographs were captured by an Englishman named William Thompson in 1856. He created a waterproof box camera, mounted it on a pole, and submerged it in the waters off southern England. Despite the camera flooding during the 10-minute exposure, the image managed to survive, marking the inception of underwater photography. In shallow waters where visibility is good and light is abundant, even amateur photographers can achieve impressive images with affordable underwater cameras. However, at greater depths, conditions become dark and frigid, making photography essential for exploring the enigmatic deep-sea realm, of which an astonishing 95 percent remains unexplored.
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지문 25
Being honest is essential for maintaining strong relationships. By expressing your feelings openly and providing sincere feedback when requested, you can navigate difficult social situations more easily and connect with like-minded individuals. Adhering to a straightforward principle of never telling lies will help you earn a reputation for reliability, leading to relationships built on mutual trust. This honesty makes it harder for others to deceive you. Those who are dishonest often find themselves in challenging situations when their fabrications are at risk of being revealed. Living authentically saves you from unnecessary stress and ensures that your relationships are devoid of lies and hidden truths. Don't hesitate to share your honest thoughts with friends, even if the truth may be painful. In the long run, well-intentioned lies can cause greater harm than simply being truthful.
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지문 26
The everyday tasks in academia can often be tedious and monotonous, necessitating a strong motivation to persist. A mathematician may spend time sharpening pencils and working through proofs only to find herself stuck, concluding her day without resolution. Similarly, a writer may produce a few hundred words, deem them unsatisfactory, discard them, and look forward to more fruitful inspiration the next day. Achieving any meaningful output can take years of such seemingly unproductive effort. According to Peter Medawar, a Nobel Prize-winning biologist, about 80% of his time in research felt wasted, as most scientific endeavors do not yield results. What drives these individuals through tough times is their passion for their disciplines; without this deep-seated enthusiasm, their achievements would have remained elusive.
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지문 27
In a retail environment, the back wall serves as a focal point, drawing customers deeper into the store. This design strategy benefits sales, as the distance customers travel correlates strongly with their purchasing behavior. Merchandisers leverage various elements to enhance this attraction, whether through eye-catching decorations or appealing sounds. Certain sections are strategically placed at the back to increase foot traffic, such as dairy products in supermarkets, since many shoppers specifically seek out milk. Similarly, in video rental stores, new releases are featured in the rear, enticing patrons who come primarily for those titles. Overall, the layout is purposefully crafted to maximize customer engagement and sales.
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지문 28
The encouraging truth is that your destination in a decade is entirely in your hands. You possess the freedom to decide how you wish to shape your life. This freedom, known as free will, is an intrinsic right. Moreover, you can activate it at any time! At any point, you can opt to treat yourself with greater respect or distance yourself from individuals who negatively impact you. Ultimately, the power to be joyful or unhappy lies with you. However, while you are empowered to make choices, you cannot control the outcomes that arise from them. They come as a package. As the saying goes, when you lift one side of the stick, you inevitably lift the other—choices and consequences are intertwined, much like mashed potatoes paired with gravy.
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지문 29
Consider for a moment the multitude of individuals essential for the functioning of your class. Obviously, it requires a teacher to instruct and students to participate. Yet, it also relies on a variety of other people and institutions. Someone needed to schedule the class, assign the appropriate room, notify you, and facilitate your enrollment. Additionally, a textbook was authored, involving the collaboration of numerous individuals—such as printers, editors, marketers, and bookstore staff—who ensured it reached your hands. Hence, while a class appears to involve merely you, your classmates, and your instructor, it is actually the culmination of the efforts of countless individuals working together.
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지문 30
Imagine you are deeply engaged in a project one day and don't have time to get lunch. Suddenly, your closest friend arrives with your preferred sandwich. He tells you he understands your hectic schedule and wanted to assist by purchasing the sandwich for you. In this instance, you would likely feel grateful for your friend's gesture. On the other hand, if an unfamiliar person appears with the same sandwich and offers it to you, your response would be different. You might feel puzzled and think, "Who are you, and how do you know what sandwich I enjoy?" The main distinction between these scenarios is the level of trust involved. You have immense confidence in your best friend, so you don't mind him knowing your preferences. However, a stranger doesn't evoke the same trust, leading to hesitation and confusion regarding their intentions.
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지문 31
Before you begin collecting and analyzing data, it is essential to clearly define the question you wish to address. Failing to do so can lead to an overwhelming amount of information that may ultimately be unhelpful, resulting in wasted effort. To prevent this scenario, it's advisable to create a problem-solving design plan ahead of data collection. This plan should outline the specific issues to tackle, articulate your hypotheses, and identify the necessary steps to validate those hypotheses. Establishing this framework prior to your research will significantly enhance your problem-solving efficiency. Furthermore, documenting your plan will not only sharpen your understanding but also assist your team in maintaining focus during collaborative efforts, serving as a foundation for effective brainstorming sessions.
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지문 32
Humans possess an inherent urge to establish and nurture interpersonal connections. This inclination suggests that forming relationships is essential for fulfilling a basic need, which influences various emotions, actions, and choices throughout a person's life. Likely, this need for belonging stems from humanity's evolutionary background as a social species. Historically, humans relied on mutual cooperation for food, safety from threats, and vital knowledge acquisition. Without the capability to create and sustain social ties, early humans may have struggled to survive and adapt to their environments. Therefore, the pursuit of close and significant relationships has always been crucial for the survival of our species.
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지문 33
Mammals generally exhibit less vivid coloration compared to other animal categories, yet zebras stand out with their bold black-and-white stripes. The function of such contrasting patterns is not immediately clear. The mystery of why zebras possess stripes has intrigued scientists for over a century. Wildlife biologist Tim Caro dedicated more than ten years to researching zebras in Tanzania, systematically dismissing various hypotheses—such as stripes providing cooling effects or bewildering predators. His breakthrough came in 2013 when he deployed fly traps draped in zebra skin alongside those draped with antelope skin. The results revealed that flies tended to avoid the striped surfaces. This led him to conclude that the stripes play a crucial role in protecting zebras from insects that carry diseases.
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지문 34
Research indicates that in the process of organic development, the ability to perceive begins with the identification of prominent structural characteristics. For instance, studies with two-year-old children and chimpanzees showed that once they learned that a specific triangle, regardless of its size or orientation, consistently led to desirable food in one of two boxes, they easily adapted this knowledge to triangles of varying forms. Changes included altering the triangle's dimensions or flipping its orientation, as well as switching colors from black on white to white on black, or changing from outlined to solid forms. These variations did not hinder their ability to recognize the triangles. Karl Lashley, a notable psychologist, claimed that such basic recognition shifts are common among all animals, including humans.
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지문 35
In my childhood, I struggled to distinguish between dinosaurs and dragons. However, these two creatures are fundamentally different. Dragons are present in Greek mythology, tales of King Arthur from England, Chinese New Year celebrations, and various stories throughout history. Despite their appearances in modern narratives, dragons have always been figments of human creativity and never truly existed. In contrast, dinosaurs were real beings that roamed the Earth for millions of years, long before humans appeared. They thrived around 200 million years ago, and our knowledge of them comes from the fossils that have preserved their remains.
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지문 36
The importance and complexity of acoustic issues in school libraries have significantly increased in recent years. In the past, noise primarily stemmed from individuals, as electronic resources were not yet prevalent. Nowadays, the presence of computers, printers, and other machinery introduces an additional layer of noise. Furthermore, the rise in collaborative work and instructional activities has amplified the noise generated by people. Consequently, today's school libraries can no longer be regarded as tranquil spaces. Nevertheless, they still need to accommodate students who prefer quiet environments for studying and reading. Therefore, it is crucial to create library designs that minimize or ideally eliminate unnecessary noise, thereby ensuring that students have access to an appropriate atmosphere conducive to focus and concentration.
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지문 37
Wild mushrooms can be extremely hazardous among various plants in the forest that may lead to poisoning. This danger arises from the fact that individuals often mistake toxic species for edible ones, or they consume mushrooms without accurately identifying their type. During spring, many people take pleasure in foraging for wild mushrooms, which are delicious and sought after. Unfortunately, some types of wild mushrooms are lethal and can result in fatalities from mushroom poisoning. To ensure safety, it is crucial for individuals to correctly identify edible mushrooms before consuming any wild varieties.
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지문 38
Recent research emphasizes the significance of warm physical contact in fostering healthy interpersonal relationships. For instance, one experiment showed that individuals who held a warm cup of coffee, compared to those with an iced one, perceived another person as having a kinder personality, characterized by traits like generosity and compassion. In another study, participants holding a warm pack were more inclined to select a gift for a friend rather than for themselves. These results suggest that experiences of physical warmth can evoke feelings of interpersonal warmth, which can then inadvertently affect how individuals judge others. This temporary increase in feelings of warmth can linger, influencing future judgments and behaviors without the individual being consciously aware of it.
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지문 39
Numerous individuals traveled great distances to participate in the Canadian fur trade. Many observed how the people living in the northern regions preserved their food during winter by burying meats and vegetables in the snow. However, few may have considered how this practice could be applied to other areas. One individual who did was a young man named Clarence Birdseye. He was intrigued by the way freshly caught fish and duck, when frozen rapidly in this manner, retained their flavor and texture. This led him to ponder: Why couldn't we market food in America that utilized the same fundamental technique? Thus, the frozen foods industry was born from Birdseye's insight. He transformed a common method of food preservation, familiar to the northern communities, into something remarkable. What triggered this shift in his perspective? An extraordinary phenomenon occurred within his inquisitive and engaged mind. Curiosity served as a means of enhancing the value of his observations. For Birdseye, this curiosity was potent enough to elevate him beyond conventional thinking, paving the way for innovation and new discoveries.
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지문 40
Did you know that there is a species of jellyfish that might be considered immortal? When they face threats, illness, or aging, these jellyfish are capable of generating younger counterparts that eventually develop into adult replicas of themselves. It's a fascinating process, isn't it? Currently, UK and Ireland are witnessing a significant increase in jellyfish populations, as reported by the Marine Conservation Society. We consulted Agnes Jackson, a data expert from the organization, to shed light on this phenomenon.

According to a recent study, jellyfish sightings in these regions have surged by 32% compared to the previous year. The report from the charity relies on public submissions of jellyfish sightings, which are subsequently examined for noteworthy patterns, including shifts in species and long-term trends in their population sizes. So, what factors are contributing to this increase in jellyfish sightings?

As temperatures rise in the spring, jellyfish begin to develop and reproduce. When environmental conditions are particularly favorable—characterized by warm waters and an abundance of food—their reproduction can occur at an extraordinary pace. Under such optimal conditions, jellyfish populations at sea can grow immensely. If these circumstances coincide with stormy weather or onshore winds, jellyfish blooms can be pushed towards the coastline, where they gather and become even more visually prominent. If the public happens to be nearby during these events, it results in a higher number of reported sightings.

This year, ocean temperatures have attained record highs, with some areas experiencing severe and unprecedented heat waves. However, experts caution against attributing the jellyfish boom solely to climate change. There are numerous other factors that can influence this significant reproductive increase. If future temperatures continue to rise, it wouldn't be surprising to see jellyfish populations grow as a result.
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지문 41
Romantic love and emotional attachment are fundamental survival tools that have developed over millions of years to help humans select suitable partners and pass on their genetic material to future generations. These mechanisms are essential for human survival. Helen Fisher, a biological anthropologist, investigates the complexities of romantic love and attachment, focusing on their impact on the brain during the experience of falling in and out of love. Heartbreak is a universal experience; everyone endures suffering when faced with rejection. In a study involving 17 individuals who had recently experienced romantic rejection, findings revealed several consistent brain responses among participants. Notably, areas of the brain associated with romantic love remained active, indicating that feelings do not merely vanish after being rejected. In fact, it is possible to feel even stronger affection for an ex-partner. Additionally, brain regions connected to deep emotional attachment were also engaged, highlighting that individuals still maintain a bond with the person who rejected them. Furthermore, when rejection occurs, areas in the brain responsible for processing physical pain are activated, showcasing the profound emotional distress linked to love lost. Another observation involved activation in three brain regions tied to cravings and addictive behaviors, particularly in a specific area called the nucleus accumbens. This region responds similarly to various addictions, such as those to gambling or food. Therefore, romantic love can indeed be characterized as an addiction, providing joy when the relationship is thriving and distress when it is faltering. This emotional turmoil stems from the ancient necessity to ensure the continuation of one's genetic legacy, which is critical for survival. However, the experience of heartbreak is not solely negative. Fisher discovered that time can alleviate the anguish associated with rejection; as time progresses, there is a noticeable reduction in the activation of brain regions linked to attachment, confirming the idea that time has a healing effect.
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✅: 출제 대상 문장, ❌: 출제 제외 문장
    문장빈칸-하 문장빈칸-중 문장빈칸-상 문장
지문 1 1. FOBO, or Fear of a Better Option, refers to the unease that arises from the possibility that a superior choice may present itself.
2. This phenomenon creates a reluctance to commit to current decisions, often stemming from an abundance of options.
3. Instead of thoroughly evaluating available alternatives, individuals tend to postpone resolution, similar to how one might continuously hit the snooze button on an alarm, opting to stay in bed rather than face the day.
4. However, this momentary comfort comes at a cost.
5. If you keep delaying the inevitable, you may find yourself in a rush, unprepared for the day ahead, which can lead to frustration and a negative mood.
6. While delaying feels satisfying initially, it ultimately leads to unfavorable consequences.
지문 2 1. Different species of animals have the ability to detect various ranges of odors, but no single species can perceive all molecular scents present in its habitat.
2. Some odors go unnoticed by humans which certain animals can detect, and the opposite is also true.
3. Furthermore, individual variations exist in odor detection and perception, which can affect how agreeable a scent is.
4. For instance, while some individuals enjoy the flavor of coriander, often called cilantro in the United States, others may find it tastes soapy and unpleasant.
5. This phenomenon is influenced by genetic differences linked to the genes that regulate olfactory capabilities.
6. Ultimately, the specific scents each species can detect and their corresponding perceptions are shaped by the animal's ecological niche.
7. The unique scent detection abilities of each species allow them to identify and react to smells that are pertinent to their survival and environmental interactions.
지문 3 1. The human spirit fundamentally craves mobility, which inspires creativity and opens up transformative opportunities.
2. This desire has driven progress and personal independence for over two centuries.
3. Public transportation has played a crucial role in enabling this journey.
4. The transportation sector does more than simply move individuals from one location to another; it links communities, places, and potential.
5. It grants access to essential resources, cherished experiences, and personal aspirations.
6. In this way, it fosters community growth, generates employment, enhances the economy, builds social and business networks, conserves time and energy, and empowers millions to improve their quality of life.
지문 4 1. While fossils offer valuable insights into the past, they rarely provide a complete picture.
2. Fossilization occurs under specific conditions, and as a result, the fossil record often overlooks the vast diversity of modern insect populations found in tropical forests.
3. Many organisms either decompose quickly after death or are consumed by other species, leading to significant gaps where no fossils exist for crucial groups.
4. This scenario is akin to a family photo collection; while some early moments might be well-documented, the later years may see infrequent photographs, with some occasions completely unrecorded.
5. In essence, just as most of us lack a thorough photographic history of our lives, the fossil record can also display clear images from certain periods interspersed with substantial omissions.
6. Recognizing these gaps is essential to understanding the complexities of our biological history.
지문 5 1. In 1996, an American airline encountered a unique situation.
2. While many airlines were struggling financially or facing bankruptcy, this company received requests from over 100 cities eager for service.
3. However, the intriguing aspect was that the airline declined more than 95 percent of these proposals, opting to only add four new destinations.
4. The management had predetermined a growth limit, prioritizing a manageable expansion rate over rapid growth.
5. They aimed for consistent annual growth, but were cautious not to overextend themselves.
6. This strategy allowed them to create a buffer for growth, ensuring their continued success during a period when competitors were faltering.
7. By maintaining a sustainable approach, they demonstrated that pursuing steady progress could be advantageous, even in a challenging industry landscape.
지문 6 1. Although two variables may appear to be linked, there might not be a direct causal connection between them.
2. Often, their correlation is influenced by a third variable, leading to what sociologists refer to as a spurious relationship.
3. A well-known instance of this is the false association between children's shoe sizes and their reading skills.
4. While it may look like larger shoe sizes correspond with better reading abilities, this does not imply that foot size (the independent variable) enhances reading proficiency (the dependent variable).
5. The true cause of this misleading link is age, which impacts both shoe size and reading capability.
6. Therefore, when researchers seek to establish causal relationships between independent and dependent variables, it is crucial to account for or eliminate other factors that could be contributing to this spurious connection.
지문 7 1. While daylight serves as the primary and most effective signal for resetting the brain's biological clock, it is not the only one.
2. The brain is capable of utilizing other consistent external cues, such as scheduled meals, physical activity, and regular social interactions, to help adjust its internal rhythm.
3. These elements can effectively recalibrate the biological clock to align with a precise twenty-four-hour cycle.
4. This explains why certain individuals with specific types of blindness can maintain their circadian rhythms, even in the absence of light signals.
5. They rely on alternative triggers to reset their clocks.
6. Any external factor that contributes to the adjustment of the biological clock is known as a zeitgeber, which translates from German as 'time giver' or 'synchronizer.'
7. Therefore, although light is the most dependable and primary zeitgeber, there are numerous additional cues that can assist in maintaining biological rhythms, particularly when light is unavailable.
지문 8 1. Historical agricultural practices were closely intertwined with various technologies, belief systems, myths, and traditions, forming a cohesive social framework.
2. Typically, communities cultivated diverse crops across multiple regions to secure a stable food supply.
3. These practices were sustainable only at lower population densities and generally less harmful to the environment, though not without exceptions.
4. In contemporary times, agriculture in many regions has diminished its local characteristics and become part of the global market.
5. This transition has intensified the demand for agricultural land for the production of export commodities and cash crops.
6. As a result, more land is repurposed from local food cultivation to prioritize these cash crops.
7. Consequently, the variety of crops has decreased, and each type is produced in significantly larger quantities than in the past.
8. This shift has led to the conversion of more forests and natural ecosystems into agricultural land aimed at export rather than subsistence.
지문 9 1. In a 2007 study, researchers led by Katherine Kinzler at Harvard investigated how our inclination to connect with in-groups manifests early in life, possibly being an inherent trait.
2. They observed five-month-old infants from English-speaking families and presented them with two videos: one featured a woman speaking English, while the other displayed a woman speaking Spanish.
3. Following this, the infants viewed a screen showcasing both women in silence.
4. In infant psychology, the primary measure for interest is through attention, as babies tend to gaze longer at stimuli they prefer.
5. Kinzler's findings revealed that the infants focused more on the English-speaking woman.
6. Additional studies have indicated that babies show a higher likelihood of accepting a toy from someone who shares their linguistic background.
7. Such experiments are frequently referenced by psychologists as compelling evidence of our evolutionary predisposition to favor those who are similar to us.
지문 10 1. When a guitar string is plucked, it oscillates rapidly, moving back and forth hundreds of times each second.
2. This motion is too swift to be seen, resulting in only a blurred image of the string in action.
3. On its own, a vibrating string produces minimal sound because its slender form does not displace much air.
4. However, attaching the string to a large hollow body, such as a guitar, amplifies the sound significantly.
5. The string's vibrations transfer to the wooden sides of the guitar, making them vibrate at the same frequency as the string.
6. This wooden vibration generates more potent air pressure waves that propagate outward from the guitar.
7. As these waves reach your eardrums, they cause them to resonate in and out at the same frequency as the original string's vibrations, allowing you to hear the note clearly.
지문 11 1. The lines between professional and personal life are becoming increasingly indistinct, largely due to the prevalence of mobile technology that allows people to work from virtually anywhere at any time.
2. Individuals have varying preferences regarding how they balance their work responsibilities with outside commitments.
3. Some favor a strategy of separation or segmentation, which minimizes the overlap between their roles.
4. For instance, these individuals may maintain distinct email accounts for work and personal communications, striving to focus on work tasks during office hours and family matters during personal time.
5. It's common to see such segmenters using two different mobile devices—one dedicated to work and another for personal use.
6. Flexible work schedules are particularly beneficial for these individuals, as they provide clearer distinctions between work hours and personal time.
7. Conversely, other individuals opt for a more integrated approach, often staying connected with family throughout the workday by exchanging messages or checking emails during their free time, even while on vacation.
지문 12 1. A complementary good refers to a product that is frequently used in conjunction with another item.
2. For instance, popcorn is commonly enjoyed with movies, while a travel pillow is typically utilized on long flights.
3. An increase in the demand for one product usually leads to a rise in sales for its complementary counterpart.
4. By creating products that align with those already gaining popularity, businesses can secure a consistent demand for their offerings.
5. Some items are considered perfectly complementary, as they need to be used together, like a lamp and its lightbulb.
6. However, it's important not to assume that all products are perfectly complementary, as consumers may have alternatives.
7. For example, while car owners generally need gasoline, they have the option to switch to electric vehicles.
지문 13 1. It is widely recognized that individuals often assess others based on their attire.
2. Generally, research on this topic indicates that people tend to prefer clothing that aligns with societal norms—such as doctors in scrubs or young boys in traditional blue clothing.
3. However, a notable exception exists.
4. A series of studies detailed in a June 2014 article in the Journal of Consumer Research examined how observers reacted to individuals who made only minor deviations from these norms.
5. In one scenario, a man dressed in a red bow tie at a formal event was perceived to possess greater status and competence.
6. Similarly, audience members rated a professor wearing red sneakers during a lecture more favorably in terms of status and competence.
7. These findings imply that slightly unconventional choices are viewed positively, as they suggest the individual possesses the confidence to challenge social expectations.
지문 14 1. From an organizational perspective, it is intriguing to see how various cultural types can exist within different departments of the same organization.
2. Each department tends to interpret situations through its own specific lens, often leading to biases and a narrow focus that prevents members from understanding alternative viewpoints.
3. Such departmental perspectives can generate conflict due to the inherent structure of the organization itself.
4. The choice between a mechanistic and organic structure significantly impacts how conflicts are managed.
5. A mechanistic structure is characterized by a rigid vertical hierarchy replete with numerous rules, procedures, and multiple management tiers that complicate decision-making.
6. In contrast, organic structures favor a more horizontal approach, distributing decision-making authority throughout the organization, thereby enhancing flexibility and collaboration among departments.
지문 15 1. A highly effective method to alleviate traffic congestion is by eliminating it altogether.
2. Many cities have designated a comprehensive array of lanes and streets exclusively for bicycles, pedestrians, and occasional service vehicles.
3. This encourages individuals to opt for cycling instead of driving, thereby enhancing safety for everyone on the road.
4. As biking gains traction in urban areas, city planners can repurpose car lanes and entire streets to further accommodate cyclists.
5. However, even the most bike-friendly cities still necessitate lanes for motor vehicles such as taxis, emergency response units, and delivery trucks.
6. Although delivery vehicles often face criticism, they play a vital role in promoting greener cities.
7. A compact delivery truck is considerably more efficient for transporting goods than numerous hybrid cars transporting minimal items.
8. By supplying food and other products to local vendors, delivery services enable smaller neighborhood stores to thrive, allowing residents to walk to their grocery shops instead of relying on cars.
지문 16 1. Whenever a new medium emerges—be it the printed book, television, or social networking services—it's akin to donning a fresh pair of goggles, each with its unique hues and lenses.
2. These goggles alter your perception, enabling you to view the world through the lens of the medium.
3. For instance, upon immersing yourself in television, you don't just comprehend the specific content of a show—whether it's a game show like Wheel of Fortune or a drama like The Wire—but you begin to perceive reality as shaped by the television experience itself.
4. This notion aligns with Marshall McLuhan's assertion that new communication mediums carry their inherent messages that subtly guide our understanding of the world through new frameworks.
5. According to McLuhan, the manner in which information is delivered holds greater significance than the information itself.
6. Television, for instance, imparts a lesson about the rapid nature of life, emphasizing superficiality and appearances over depth.
지문 17 1. Social media fame serves as a pathway for some content creators to attain a form of celebrity that is distinct from traditional elite fame.
2. Many of these creators seek to gain recognition in a way that mirrors reality television personalities, often facing criticism for lacking conventional talents such as acting or singing.
3. This critique underscores the challenges digital creators encounter when attempting to transition into elite celebrity status.
4. However, it overlooks the critical idea that ordinary fame redefines our understanding of celebrity.
5. Instead of being like stars, which evoke a sense of mystery and social hierarchy tied to innate talent and class distinctions, ordinary celebrities build their following through relatable and consistent interactions with everyday people.
6. Attaining this form of fame on social media can be compared to excelling in a game, where recognition is simply a matter of achieving high scores on measures of attention, such as the number of subscribers, followers, likes, or clicks that are integral to social media platforms.
지문 18 1. The landscape of higher education has transitioned from an exclusive elite model to a more widespread mass system globally.
2. In the aftermath of the Second World War, Europe and the USA witnessed a significant rise in enrollment rates.
3. From 2000 to 2014, the global participation in higher education among individuals typically aged 18 to 23 nearly doubled, climbing from 19% to 34%.
4. This remarkable growth has led to a broader spectrum of educational institutions and a more varied student demographic.
5. The shift from an elite educational framework to a mass higher education system has been largely influenced by political agendas aimed at cultivating a specialized workforce to meet economic demands.
6. Ideally, expanding higher education to create a highly skilled labor pool would reduce the emphasis on standardized examinations for student selection and encourage assessment methods that promote lifelong learning, highlighting developmental feedback.
7. However, the sociopolitical push for greater access to higher education has created a complex 'field of contradictions' concerning assessment practices.
8. The mass educational model often necessitates streamlined assessment methods, such as standardized tests and multiple-choice questions, which focus on grades rather than feedback.
9. Conversely, the limited number of students in earlier elite systems fostered closer interactions with instructors, allowing formative feedback to significantly influence students' intellectual development, academic abilities, and personal growth.
지문 19 1. Serene attempted a pirouette in front of her mother but ended up falling to the ground.
2. Her mother quickly assisted her in getting back up and encouraged her to persist if she wanted to improve.
3. Despite her mother's support, Serene felt close to tears; she had been working diligently for a week but felt no progress.
4. Her mother shared her own experiences, revealing that she too faced challenges at Serene's age, having fallen numerous times.
5. In fact, she once injured her ankle and had to take a break from dancing for three months.
6. Serene was taken aback; her mother, a renowned ballerina, seemed so flawless during performances.
7. Hearing her mother's story made Serene realize that she needed to dedicate herself more fully to her practice, understanding that effort and perseverance were essential for success in dance.
지문 20 1. Many individuals envision possible future outcomes based on previous setbacks and become ensnared by them.
2. For instance, if you've encountered failure in a specific area before, you may predict similar negative results when faced with that scenario again, allowing fear to keep you anchored in the past.
3. It's essential not to define your decisions by past experiences.
4. Remember that your future does not have to mirror your history, and positive changes are possible.
5. Choose to release your past, as it only robs you of current aspirations when you permit it to dominate your thoughts.
지문 21 1. According to storyteller Syd Lieberman, stories in history serve as anchors for facts, making them more memorable for students.
2. A high school in Boulder, Colorado, is currently testing a method in which storytellers deliver historical content in an engaging manner, followed by group discussions to encourage further reading.
3. In contrast, another group of students engages in conventional research and report writing.
4. Findings suggest that the material presented by storytellers captivates students more effectively and resonates on a personal level, compared to the more traditional educational approach.
지문 22 1. Health experts recommend opting for stairs instead of elevators, as well as walking or biking to work as beneficial habits.
2. Climbing stairs offers an excellent physical workout, and those who use walking or biking as a means of commute generally fulfill their daily exercise requirements.
3. Nevertheless, many individuals encounter obstacles in their surroundings that hinder these options.
4. It is unlikely that people will choose to walk or cycle on roads without safe sidewalks or designated bike paths, especially in areas with speeding vehicles or poor air quality.
5. Similarly, few individuals would prefer to use stairwells that are unsafe or inconvenient in contemporary buildings.
6. Conversely, residents in areas with accessible walking and biking routes, public parks, and available fitness centers tend to utilize these resources frequently.
지문 23 1. How can we encourage our children to retain a wide array of information?
2. Allow me to demonstrate that everyone possesses the potential for genius, equipped with minds capable of storing, managing, and recalling extensive information through repetitive memorization.
3. Consider your regular grocery store.
4. If I were to ask you the location of the eggs, you would certainly know.
5. Despite a typical grocery store housing over 10,000 items, you can easily pinpoint the majority of them.
6. The reason lies in the store's organized layout, which you have navigated multiple times.
7. In essence, the structured arrangement of items allows you to memorize the store's configuration effectively.
8. You have the capacity to categorize and remember the locations of many items within just one familiar shopping environment.
지문 24 1. The initial underwater photographs were captured by an Englishman named William Thompson in 1856.
2. He created a waterproof box camera, mounted it on a pole, and submerged it in the waters off southern England.
3. Despite the camera flooding during the 10-minute exposure, the image managed to survive, marking the inception of underwater photography.
4. In shallow waters where visibility is good and light is abundant, even amateur photographers can achieve impressive images with affordable underwater cameras.
5. However, at greater depths, conditions become dark and frigid, making photography essential for exploring the enigmatic deep-sea realm, of which an astonishing 95 percent remains unexplored.
지문 25 1. Being honest is essential for maintaining strong relationships.
2. By expressing your feelings openly and providing sincere feedback when requested, you can navigate difficult social situations more easily and connect with like-minded individuals.
3. Adhering to a straightforward principle of never telling lies will help you earn a reputation for reliability, leading to relationships built on mutual trust.
4. This honesty makes it harder for others to deceive you.
5. Those who are dishonest often find themselves in challenging situations when their fabrications are at risk of being revealed.
6. Living authentically saves you from unnecessary stress and ensures that your relationships are devoid of lies and hidden truths.
7. Don't hesitate to share your honest thoughts with friends, even if the truth may be painful.
8. In the long run, well-intentioned lies can cause greater harm than simply being truthful.
지문 26 1. The everyday tasks in academia can often be tedious and monotonous, necessitating a strong motivation to persist.
2. A mathematician may spend time sharpening pencils and working through proofs only to find herself stuck, concluding her day without resolution.
3. Similarly, a writer may produce a few hundred words, deem them unsatisfactory, discard them, and look forward to more fruitful inspiration the next day.
4. Achieving any meaningful output can take years of such seemingly unproductive effort.
5. According to Peter Medawar, a Nobel Prize-winning biologist, about 80% of his time in research felt wasted, as most scientific endeavors do not yield results.
6. What drives these individuals through tough times is their passion for their disciplines; without this deep-seated enthusiasm, their achievements would have remained elusive.
지문 27 1. In a retail environment, the back wall serves as a focal point, drawing customers deeper into the store.
2. This design strategy benefits sales, as the distance customers travel correlates strongly with their purchasing behavior.
3. Merchandisers leverage various elements to enhance this attraction, whether through eye-catching decorations or appealing sounds.
4. Certain sections are strategically placed at the back to increase foot traffic, such as dairy products in supermarkets, since many shoppers specifically seek out milk.
5. Similarly, in video rental stores, new releases are featured in the rear, enticing patrons who come primarily for those titles.
6. Overall, the layout is purposefully crafted to maximize customer engagement and sales.
지문 28 1. The encouraging truth is that your destination in a decade is entirely in your hands.
2. You possess the freedom to decide how you wish to shape your life.
3. This freedom, known as free will, is an intrinsic right.
4. Moreover, you can activate it at any time!
5. At any point, you can opt to treat yourself with greater respect or distance yourself from individuals who negatively impact you.
6. Ultimately, the power to be joyful or unhappy lies with you.
7. However, while you are empowered to make choices, you cannot control the outcomes that arise from them.
8. They come as a package.
9. As the saying goes, when you lift one side of the stick, you inevitably lift the other—choices and consequences are intertwined, much like mashed potatoes paired with gravy.
지문 29 1. Consider for a moment the multitude of individuals essential for the functioning of your class.
2. Obviously, it requires a teacher to instruct and students to participate.
3. Yet, it also relies on a variety of other people and institutions.
4. Someone needed to schedule the class, assign the appropriate room, notify you, and facilitate your enrollment.
5. Additionally, a textbook was authored, involving the collaboration of numerous individuals—such as printers, editors, marketers, and bookstore staff—who ensured it reached your hands.
6. Hence, while a class appears to involve merely you, your classmates, and your instructor, it is actually the culmination of the efforts of countless individuals working together.
지문 30 1. Imagine you are deeply engaged in a project one day and don't have time to get lunch.
2. Suddenly, your closest friend arrives with your preferred sandwich.
3. He tells you he understands your hectic schedule and wanted to assist by purchasing the sandwich for you.
4. In this instance, you would likely feel grateful for your friend's gesture.
5. On the other hand, if an unfamiliar person appears with the same sandwich and offers it to you, your response would be different.
6. You might feel puzzled and think, "Who are you, and how do you know what sandwich I enjoy?"
7. The main distinction between these scenarios is the level of trust involved.
8. You have immense confidence in your best friend, so you don't mind him knowing your preferences.
9. However, a stranger doesn't evoke the same trust, leading to hesitation and confusion regarding their intentions.
지문 31 1. Before you begin collecting and analyzing data, it is essential to clearly define the question you wish to address.
2. Failing to do so can lead to an overwhelming amount of information that may ultimately be unhelpful, resulting in wasted effort.
3. To prevent this scenario, it's advisable to create a problem-solving design plan ahead of data collection.
4. This plan should outline the specific issues to tackle, articulate your hypotheses, and identify the necessary steps to validate those hypotheses.
5. Establishing this framework prior to your research will significantly enhance your problem-solving efficiency.
6. Furthermore, documenting your plan will not only sharpen your understanding but also assist your team in maintaining focus during collaborative efforts, serving as a foundation for effective brainstorming sessions.
지문 32 1. Humans possess an inherent urge to establish and nurture interpersonal connections.
2. This inclination suggests that forming relationships is essential for fulfilling a basic need, which influences various emotions, actions, and choices throughout a person's life.
3. Likely, this need for belonging stems from humanity's evolutionary background as a social species.
4. Historically, humans relied on mutual cooperation for food, safety from threats, and vital knowledge acquisition.
5. Without the capability to create and sustain social ties, early humans may have struggled to survive and adapt to their environments.
6. Therefore, the pursuit of close and significant relationships has always been crucial for the survival of our species.
지문 33 1. Mammals generally exhibit less vivid coloration compared to other animal categories, yet zebras stand out with their bold black-and-white stripes.
2. The function of such contrasting patterns is not immediately clear.
3. The mystery of why zebras possess stripes has intrigued scientists for over a century.
4. Wildlife biologist Tim Caro dedicated more than ten years to researching zebras in Tanzania, systematically dismissing various hypotheses—such as stripes providing cooling effects or bewildering predators.
5. His breakthrough came in 2013 when he deployed fly traps draped in zebra skin alongside those draped with antelope skin.
6. The results revealed that flies tended to avoid the striped surfaces.
7. This led him to conclude that the stripes play a crucial role in protecting zebras from insects that carry diseases.
지문 34 1. Research indicates that in the process of organic development, the ability to perceive begins with the identification of prominent structural characteristics.
2. For instance, studies with two-year-old children and chimpanzees showed that once they learned that a specific triangle, regardless of its size or orientation, consistently led to desirable food in one of two boxes, they easily adapted this knowledge to triangles of varying forms.
3. Changes included altering the triangle's dimensions or flipping its orientation, as well as switching colors from black on white to white on black, or changing from outlined to solid forms.
4. These variations did not hinder their ability to recognize the triangles.
5. Karl Lashley, a notable psychologist, claimed that such basic recognition shifts are common among all animals, including humans.
지문 35 1. In my childhood, I struggled to distinguish between dinosaurs and dragons.
2. However, these two creatures are fundamentally different.
3. Dragons are present in Greek mythology, tales of King Arthur from England, Chinese New Year celebrations, and various stories throughout history.
4. Despite their appearances in modern narratives, dragons have always been figments of human creativity and never truly existed.
5. In contrast, dinosaurs were real beings that roamed the Earth for millions of years, long before humans appeared.
6. They thrived around 200 million years ago, and our knowledge of them comes from the fossils that have preserved their remains.
지문 36 1. The importance and complexity of acoustic issues in school libraries have significantly increased in recent years.
2. In the past, noise primarily stemmed from individuals, as electronic resources were not yet prevalent.
3. Nowadays, the presence of computers, printers, and other machinery introduces an additional layer of noise.
4. Furthermore, the rise in collaborative work and instructional activities has amplified the noise generated by people.
5. Consequently, today's school libraries can no longer be regarded as tranquil spaces.
6. Nevertheless, they still need to accommodate students who prefer quiet environments for studying and reading.
7. Therefore, it is crucial to create library designs that minimize or ideally eliminate unnecessary noise, thereby ensuring that students have access to an appropriate atmosphere conducive to focus and concentration.
지문 37 1. Wild mushrooms can be extremely hazardous among various plants in the forest that may lead to poisoning.
2. This danger arises from the fact that individuals often mistake toxic species for edible ones, or they consume mushrooms without accurately identifying their type.
3. During spring, many people take pleasure in foraging for wild mushrooms, which are delicious and sought after.
4. Unfortunately, some types of wild mushrooms are lethal and can result in fatalities from mushroom poisoning.
5. To ensure safety, it is crucial for individuals to correctly identify edible mushrooms before consuming any wild varieties.
지문 38 1. Recent research emphasizes the significance of warm physical contact in fostering healthy interpersonal relationships.
2. For instance, one experiment showed that individuals who held a warm cup of coffee, compared to those with an iced one, perceived another person as having a kinder personality, characterized by traits like generosity and compassion.
3. In another study, participants holding a warm pack were more inclined to select a gift for a friend rather than for themselves.
4. These results suggest that experiences of physical warmth can evoke feelings of interpersonal warmth, which can then inadvertently affect how individuals judge others.
5. This temporary increase in feelings of warmth can linger, influencing future judgments and behaviors without the individual being consciously aware of it.
지문 39 1. Numerous individuals traveled great distances to participate in the Canadian fur trade.
2. Many observed how the people living in the northern regions preserved their food during winter by burying meats and vegetables in the snow.
3. However, few may have considered how this practice could be applied to other areas.
4. One individual who did was a young man named Clarence Birdseye.
5. He was intrigued by the way freshly caught fish and duck, when frozen rapidly in this manner, retained their flavor and texture.
6. This led him to ponder: Why couldn't we market food in America that utilized the same fundamental technique?
7. Thus, the frozen foods industry was born from Birdseye's insight.
8. He transformed a common method of food preservation, familiar to the northern communities, into something remarkable.
9. What triggered this shift in his perspective?
10. An extraordinary phenomenon occurred within his inquisitive and engaged mind.
11. Curiosity served as a means of enhancing the value of his observations.
12. For Birdseye, this curiosity was potent enough to elevate him beyond conventional thinking, paving the way for innovation and new discoveries.
지문 40 1. Did you know that there is a species of jellyfish that might be considered immortal?
2. When they face threats, illness, or aging, these jellyfish are capable of generating younger counterparts that eventually develop into adult replicas of themselves.
3. It's a fascinating process, isn't it?
4. Currently, UK and Ireland are witnessing a significant increase in jellyfish populations, as reported by the Marine Conservation Society.
5. We consulted Agnes Jackson, a data expert from the organization, to shed light on this phenomenon.
6. According to a recent study, jellyfish sightings in these regions have surged by 32% compared to the previous year.
7. The report from the charity relies on public submissions of jellyfish sightings, which are subsequently examined for noteworthy patterns, including shifts in species and long-term trends in their population sizes.
8. So, what factors are contributing to this increase in jellyfish sightings?
9. As temperatures rise in the spring, jellyfish begin to develop and reproduce.
10. When environmental conditions are particularly favorable—characterized by warm waters and an abundance of food—their reproduction can occur at an extraordinary pace.
11. Under such optimal conditions, jellyfish populations at sea can grow immensely.
12. If these circumstances coincide with stormy weather or onshore winds, jellyfish blooms can be pushed towards the coastline, where they gather and become even more visually prominent.
13. If the public happens to be nearby during these events, it results in a higher number of reported sightings.
14. This year, ocean temperatures have attained record highs, with some areas experiencing severe and unprecedented heat waves.
15. However, experts caution against attributing the jellyfish boom solely to climate change.
16. There are numerous other factors that can influence this significant reproductive increase.
17. If future temperatures continue to rise, it wouldn't be surprising to see jellyfish populations grow as a result.
지문 41 1. Romantic love and emotional attachment are fundamental survival tools that have developed over millions of years to help humans select suitable partners and pass on their genetic material to future generations.
2. These mechanisms are essential for human survival.
3. Helen Fisher, a biological anthropologist, investigates the complexities of romantic love and attachment, focusing on their impact on the brain during the experience of falling in and out of love.
4. Heartbreak is a universal experience; everyone endures suffering when faced with rejection.
5. In a study involving 17 individuals who had recently experienced romantic rejection, findings revealed several consistent brain responses among participants.
6. Notably, areas of the brain associated with romantic love remained active, indicating that feelings do not merely vanish after being rejected.
7. In fact, it is possible to feel even stronger affection for an ex-partner.
8. Additionally, brain regions connected to deep emotional attachment were also engaged, highlighting that individuals still maintain a bond with the person who rejected them.
9. Furthermore, when rejection occurs, areas in the brain responsible for processing physical pain are activated, showcasing the profound emotional distress linked to love lost.
10. Another observation involved activation in three brain regions tied to cravings and addictive behaviors, particularly in a specific area called the nucleus accumbens.
11. This region responds similarly to various addictions, such as those to gambling or food.
12. Therefore, romantic love can indeed be characterized as an addiction, providing joy when the relationship is thriving and distress when it is faltering.
13. This emotional turmoil stems from the ancient necessity to ensure the continuation of one's genetic legacy, which is critical for survival.
14. However, the experience of heartbreak is not solely negative.
15. Fisher discovered that time can alleviate the anguish associated with rejection; as time progresses, there is a noticeable reduction in the activation of brain regions linked to attachment, confirming the idea that time has a healing effect.

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