exist

[동] 존재하다, 실재하다, 현존하다

[동] live, be alive, be present

[동] have objective reality or being, to be

concept

[명] 개념, 관념, 구상
[동] …의 개념을 전개하다, 개념을 전개하다, …을 생각해내다
[형] 새로운 착상의, 시작 단계의, 시대를 앞질러가는

[명] idea, notion, view

[명] an abstract idea, An abstract and general idea
[동] to conceive, to dream up
[형] organized around a main idea or theme, created to illustrate a concept

vital

[형] 생명의, 필수적인, 목숨의
[명] 생명 유지에 필요한 여러 기관, 생명의 유지에 절대 필요한 기관, 생명의 원천인

[형] essential, indispensable, important

[형] unimportant, unnecessary, peripheral

[형] absolutely necessary, Relating to, or characteristic of life
[명] the body's important internal organs

substance

[명] 물질, 물, 재질

[명] material, matter, body

[명] a particular kind of matter with uniform properties, Physical matter
[동] To give substance to, to make real or substantial

proverb

[명] 속담, 격언, 누구나 아는 말
[동] …을 속담으로 말하다, 속담으로 표현하다, …을 속담식으로 말하다

[명] saying, adage, saw

[명] a short, well-known pithy saying, stating a general truth or piece of advice, A phrase expressing a basic truth which may be applied to common situations
[동] To write or utter proverbs, to speak of proverbially

medium

[명] 중간, 수단, 매체
[형] 중간의, 중위의, 보통의

[명] means of communication, spiritualist, means/mode of expression
[형] average, middling, mean

[명] extreme
[형] extreme, extraordinary

[명] an agency or means of doing something, The material of the surrounding environment, e.g. solid, liquid, gas, vacuum, or a specific substance such as a solvent
[형] about halfway between two extremes of size or another quality, Of intermediate size, degree, amount etc
[부] To a medium extent

essentialism

[명] 본질주의, 실재론, 에센셜리즘

[명] a belief that things have a set of characteristics which make them what they are, and that the task of science and philosophy is their discovery and expression, The view that objects have properties that are essential to them

fruitlessly

[부] 무익하게, 보람없이, 열매를 못 맺게

difficult

[형] 어려운, 곤란한, 힘든

[형] hard, strenuous, tough

[형] easy, straightforward, simple

[형] needing much effort or skill to accomplish, deal with, or understand, Hard, not easy, requiring much effort

universe

[명] 우주, 만물, 은하계

[명] cosmos, macrocosm, space

[명] all existing matter and space considered as a whole, the cosmos The universe is believed to be at least 10 billion light years in diameter and contains a vast number of galaxies

hypothesis

[명] 가설, 전제, 가정

[명] theory, theorem, premise

[명] a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation, Used loosely, a tentative conjecture explaining an observation, phenomenon or scientific problem that can be tested by further observation, investigation and/or experimentation As a scientific term of art, see the attached quotation Compare to theory, and quotation given there

ether

[명] 에테르, 에틸 에테르, 높은 하늘
[동] 방송하다

[명] a pleasant-smelling colourless volatile liquid that is highly flammable It is used as an anaesthetic and as a solvent or intermediate in industrial processes, The substance formerly supposed to fill the upper regions of the atmosphere above the clouds, in particular as a medium breathed by deities

essence

[명] 본질, 근저, 정수

[명] quintessence, fundamental nature, soul

[명] the intrinsic nature or indispensable quality of something, especially something abstract, which determines its character, The inherent nature of a thing or idea

evidence

[명] 증거, 분명함, 근거
[동] …을 명시하다, 증명하다, 증언하다

[명] proof, confirmation, grounds
[동] indicate, show, prove

[동] disprove

[명] the available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid, Facts or observations presented in support of an assertion
[동] be or show evidence of, To provide evidence for, or suggest the truth of

experiment

[명] 실험, 시험, 해봄
[동] 실험하다, 실험을 하다, 시도하다

[명] test, investigation, trial
[동] conduct experiments, test, carry out trials/tests

[명] theory

[명] a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact, A test under controlled conditions made to either demonstrate a known truth, examine the validity of a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy of something previously untried
[동] perform a scientific procedure, especially in a laboratory, to determine something, To conduct an experiment

luminiferous

[형] 빛을 발하는, 빛을 내는, 발광성의

[형] producing or transmitting light, transmitting, producing, or yielding light

theorize

[동] 이론화하다, 이론을 세우다, 이론을 제시하다

[동] speculate, conjecture, hypothesize

[동] form a theory or theories about something, To formulate a theory, especially about some specific subject

criticize

[동] 비평하다, 흠잡다, 비판하다

[동] find fault with, censure, denounce

[동] praise, approve of

[동] indicate the faults of in a disapproving way, To find fault

attention

[명] 주의, 유의, 주목
[감탄] 알립니다, 주목하세요, 차려

[명] observation, thinking, attentiveness

[명] inattention, discourtesy

[명] notice taken of someone or something, Mental focus
[감탄] Used as a command to bring soldiers to the attention position, A call for people to be quiet/stop doing what they are presently doing and pay heed to what they are to be told or shown

naturalized

자생

[형] admitted to the citizenship of a country, having become established and living wild in a region where it is not indigenous
[동] simple past tense and past participle of naturalize

celebrity

[명] 고명한 사람, 명사, 유명 인사

[명] fame, personality, prominence

[명] obscurity, nobody, nonentity

[명] a famous person, especially in entertainment or sport, Fame, renown

reconstruct

[동] 재건하다, 부흥하다, 재구성하다

[동] rebuild, restore, reform

[동] build or form again after it has been damaged or destroyed, To construct again

subscriber

[명] 기부자, 구독자, 출자자

[명] reader, regular reader, regular customer

[명] a person who receives a publication regularly by paying in advance, A person who subscribes to a publication or a service

interact

[동] 서로 작용하다, 상호 작용하다, 소통하다

[동] act in such a way as to have an effect on each other, To act upon each other
[명] A short act or piece between others, as in a play, a break between acts

application

[명] 적용, 지원, 이용

[명] request, appeal, claim

[명] a formal request to be considered for a position or to be allowed to do or have something, submitted to an authority, institution, or organization, The act of applying or laying on, in a literal sense

phenomenon

[명] 현상, 사상, 경이로운 사람

[명] occurrence, event, happening

[명] a fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen, especially one whose cause or explanation is in question, A thing or being, event or process, perceptible through senses

fame

[명] 명성, 명예, 고명
[동] …을 유명하게 하다, 유명하게 하다, …의 명성을 떨치다
[축약] forecasts and appraisals for management evaluation 경영 평가 예측 사정 시스템

[명] renown, prominence, fame

[명] obscurity, disgrace

[명] the state of being known or talked about by many people, especially on account of notable achievements, What is said or reported
[동] to make famous, report, repute

quality

[명] 질, 특성, 품질
[형] 상류의, 상질의, 고급의

[명] standard, grade, standing

[명] the standard of something as measured against other things of a similar kind, Level of excellence
[형] of good quality, Being of good worth, well made, fit for purpose

characterize

[동] …의 특성을 나타내다, 특성을 기술하다, 특징이 되다

[동] distinguish, make distinctive, mark

[동] describe the distinctive nature or features of, To depict someone or something a particular way

barrier

[명] 방책, 방벽, 장벽
[동] …을 방책으로 둘러싸다, 울타리로 둘러싸다, 방책으로 둘러싸다

[명] fence, barricade, railing

[명] a fence or other obstacle that prevents movement or access, A structure that bars passage
[동] To block or obstruct with a barrier

metaphor

[명] 은유, 은유비유의 일종, 암유

[명] figure of speech, figurative expression, image

[명] a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable, The use of a word or phrase to refer to something other than its literal meaning, invoking an implicit similarity between the thing described and what is denoted by the word or phrase
[동] To use a metaphor, To describe by means of a metaphor

hierarchical

[형] 계급 제도의, 계층제의, 계급에 따른
계층형

[형] of the nature of a hierarchy, Pertaining to a hierarchy

instrument

[명] 기구, 기계, 계기
[동] …에 기구를 설치하다, …에 기계를 설치하다, 기악용으로 편곡하다
[형] 계기에 의한

[명] implement, tool, device

[명] a tool or implement, especially one for precision work, A device used to produce music
[동] equip with measuring instruments, To apply measuring devices

mystery

[명] 신비, 수수께끼, 직업

[명] puzzle, mystery, enigma

[명] something that is difficult or impossible to understand or explain, Something secret or unexplainable

associated

[형] 연합된, 연합한, 관련된

[형] related, connected, united

[형] unrelated

[형] connected with something else, connected with something or another person
[동] simple past tense and past participle of associate

symbolize

[동] 상징하다, 상징을 사용하다, 부호를 쓰다

[동] represent, be a symbol of, signify

[동] be a symbol of, To be symbolic of

metric

[형] 미터의, 미터법의, 미터법을 채용하고 있는
[명] 계량, 미터법, 거리

[형] relating to or based on the metre as a unit of length, Of or relating to the metric system of measurement
[명] a system or standard of measurement, A measure for something
[접미사] Forming adjectives corresponding to nouns in -meter, Of or relating to measurement

section

[명] 잘라낸 부분, 부분, 자르기
[동] …을 분할하다, 구분하다, 절개하다

[명] segment, part, piece

[명] any of the more or less distinct parts into which something is or may be divided or from which it is made up, A cutting
[동] divide into sections, To cut, divide or separate into pieces

enormous

[형] 거대한, 막대한, 엄청나게 큰

[형] huge, vast, massive

[형] tiny

[형] very large in size, quantity, or extent, Extremely large

vanish

[동] 보이지 않게 되다, 사라지다, 없어지다
[명] 소음특히 2중 모음의 뒤쪽 약음, 소음

[동] disappear, vanish into thin air, become invisible

[동] appear, materialize, last

[동] disappear suddenly and completely, To become invisible or to move out of view unnoticed
[명] The brief terminal part of a vowel or vocal element, differing more or less in quality from the main part, A magic trick in which something seems to disappear

disappearing

[형] 사라지는

conscious

[형] 의식하고 있는, 의식하는, 느끼는
[명] 의식

[형] aware, aware of, awake

[형] unconscious, unaware, unintentional

[형] aware of and responding to one's surroundings, Alert, awake
[명] The part of the mind that is aware of itself, consciousness sence 5

differentiate

[동] …을 차별화시키다, 구별 짓다, 구별하다

[동] distinguish, discriminate, separate

[동] recognize or ascertain what makes different, To show, or be the distinction between two things
[명] Something that has been differentiated or stratified

immediately

[부] 곧, 즉시, 바로
[접] …하자마자

[부] straight away, at once, now

[부] at once, In an immediate manner
[접] as soon as, directly , instantly Indicates that the independent clause describes something that occurs immediately after the dependent clause's referent does

strategy

[명] 용병학, 전략, 계획

[명] master plan, policy, grand design

[명] a plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall aim, The science and art of military command as applied to the overall planning and conduct of warfare

material

[명] 구성 물질, 재료, 직물
[형] 물질로 된, 물질의, 물질적인

[명] matter, substance, material
[형] physical, corporeal, worldly

[형] spiritual, abstract, aesthetic

[명] the matter from which a thing is or can be made, Matter which may be shaped or manipulated, particularly in making something
[형] denoting or consisting of physical objects rather than the mind or spirit, Having to do with matter

knowledge

[명] 지식, 학식, 아는 바
지식
[형] 전문적 지식·정보를 요하는

[명] understanding, knowledge, comprehension

[명] ignorance, illiteracy, unawareness

[명] facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education, the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject

memory

[명] 기억, 상기, 기억력

[명] ability to remember, recall, powers of recall

[명] forgetfulness

[명] the faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information, The ability of the brain to record information or impressions with the facility of recalling them later at will

spend

[동] 쓰다, 소비하다, 보내다
[명] 지출, 비용, 경비

[동] pay out, lay out, expend

[동] save, keep, hoard

[동] give to pay for goods, services, or so as to benefit someone or something, To pay out
[명] an amount of money paid out, Amount of money spent

retest

[동] …을 다시 시험하다, 재시험하다, 다시 테스트하다
[명] 재시험, 재분석

[동] test again, To test again
[명] an act of retesting someone or something, A repeat test

storage

[명] 저장, 보관, 창고 보관

[명] the action or method of storing something for future use, The act of storing goods
[동] To put into storage, to store

recall

[동] …을 생각해내다, 상기하다, 기억해 내다
[명] 되부름, 회상, 기억

[동] remember, recollect, call to mind
[명] summoning back, recollection, ordering back

[동] forget, dissolve, prorogue

[동] bring back into one's mind, Alternative form of recall 1817, Edward Baines, History of the Wars of the French Revolution: Volume 2
[명] the action or faculty of remembering something learned or experienced, a call to return

various

[형] 각종의, 가지각색의, 여러 가지의
[대명] 몇 개의 것, 몇 사람, 다수

[형] diverse, many, different
[한] different, assorted, miscellaneous

[한] similar

[형] different from one another, Having a broad range
[대명] more than one of several people or things, an indefinite number of separate individuals greater than one
[한] more than one, several

illusion

[명] 환각, 오해, 착각

[명] delusion, misapprehension, misconception

[명] reality

[명] an instance of a wrong or misinterpreted perception of a sensory experience, Anything that seems to be something that it is not

cram

[동] …을 에 억지로 밀어 넣다, 밀어넣다, 밀어 넣다
[명] 채워 넣기, 벼락공부, 주입식 공부

[동] stuff, pack, force

[동] completely fill to the point of overflowing, force into a place or container that is or appears to be too small to contain them
[명] A surname​
Donald James 1919–2001 American chemist, Ralph Adams 1863–1942 American architect and author

essential

[형] 필수의, 본질적인, 필수적인
[명] 본질적 요소, 필수적인 것, 필수 사항

[형] crucial, vital, necessary
[명] necessity, prerequisite, necessary/essential item

[형] inessential, unimportant, secondary
[명] inessential, minutiae

[형] absolutely necessary, Necessary
[명] a thing that is absolutely necessary, A necessary ingredient

active

[형] 활동적인, 서서 일하는, 활기 있는
[명] 현역 회원, 능동태, 활동 분자

[형] operative, busy, active

[형] inactive, sluggish, inert

[형] engaging or ready to engage in physically energetic pursuits, Having the power or quality of acting
[명] an active form of a verb, A person or thing that is acting or capable of acting

vacuum cleaner

[명] 진공 청소기, 진공청소기, 전기 청소기
진공 청소기, 전기 청소기

[명] an electrical apparatus that by means of suction collects dust and small particles from floors and other surfaces, A domestic or industrial mobile machine for cleaning floors and similar surfaces that draws dust and other particles into a container by the suction created by an electric motor driving a fan

behavior

[명] 행동

produce

[동] …을 제조하다, 생산하다, 생기게 하다
[명] 생산 량, 생산액, 생산물

[동] manufacture, cause, make
[명] food, fruit and vegetables, foodstuff

[동] make or manufacture from components or raw materials, To yield, make or manufacture
[명] agricultural and other natural products collectively, That which is produced

simply

[부] 간단히, 그냥, 간단하게

[부] straightforwardly, just, directly

[부] in a straightforward or plain manner, In a simple way or state

profoundly

[부] 사물의 깊은 곳까지 파고들어, 깊이, 깊게

[부] extremely, greatly, very

[부] to a profound extent, With depth, meaningfully

perfect

[형] 완전한, 완벽한, 결점이 없는
[동] …을 완전하게 하다, 완성하다, 완벽하게 하다
[명] 완료 시제, 완료형, 완료시제

[형] ideal, faultless, model
[동] improve, make perfect, develop

[형] imperfect, deficient, faulty
[동] mar

[형] having all the required or desirable elements, qualities, or characteristics, Fitting its definition precisely
[동] make completely free from faults or defects, To make perfect
[명] the perfect tense, The perfect tense, or a form in that tense

trial

[명] 재판, 공판, 시험
[형] 공판의, 시험적인, 시험의
[동] 시험하다

[명] court case, hearing, case
[형] test, experimental, probationary
[동] test, try out, carry out trials on

[명] a formal examination of evidence by a judge, typically before a jury, in order to decide guilt in a case of criminal or civil proceedings, a test of the performance, qualities, or suitability of someone or something
[동] test to assess its suitability or performance, compete in trials

capacity

[명] 수용력, 용량, 용적
[형] 최대한의, 더 이상 수용할 수 없는, 더 이상 수용할 수 없을 정도의

[명] volume, ability, cubic measure

[명] inability

[명] the maximum amount that something can contain, The ability to hold, receive or absorb
[형] Filling the allotted space, equaling maximum capacity

watch

[동] 지켜보다, 보다, 빤히 바라보다
[명] 경계, 시계, 조심

[동] observe, look at, view
[명] timepiece, wristwatch, chronometer

[동] ignore, disregard, neglect

[동] look at or observe attentively over a period of time, To look at, see, or view for a period of time
[명] a small timepiece worn typically on a strap on one's wrist, A portable or wearable timepiece

hammer

[동] 두드리다, 망치로 치다, 망치로 두드리다
[명] 해머, 망치, 망치 비슷한 도구

[동] beat, hit, forge
[명] mallet, beetle, gavel

[동] give up on, abandon, praise

[동] hit or beat repeatedly with a hammer or similar object, To strike repeatedly with a hammer, some other implement, the fist, etc
[명] a tool with a heavy metal head mounted at right angles at the end of a handle, used for jobs such as breaking things and driving in nails, A tool with a heavy head and a handle used for pounding
a British film company founded in 1948, known especially for its horror films, a film produced by Hammer Film Productions

babble

[동] 서투른 말로 지껄이다, 불명료한 소리를 내다, 지껄이다
[명] 재잘거림, 서투른 말, 와글와글

[동] prattle, gabble, rattle on
[명] prattle, gabble, chatter

[동] talk rapidly and continuously in a foolish, excited, or incomprehensible way, To utter words indistinctly or unintelligibly
[명] the sound of people talking simultaneously, Idle talk

imitation

[명] 모조품, 모방, 흉내
[형] 모조의, 모조 …, 인조 보석의

[명] copy, replica, simulation
[형] artificial, synthetic, mock

[형] real, genuine

[명] the action of using someone or something as a model, The act of imitating
[형] resembling something else that is usually genuine and of better quality, not real

inborn

[형] 타고난, 선천적인, 천부의

[형] innate, natural, congenital

[형] acquired, learned

[형] existing from birth, Innate, possessed by an organism at birth

observation

[명] 관찰, 주시, 정탐
[형] 관찰용의

[명] watching, monitoring, study

[명] the action or process of closely observing or monitoring something or someone, The act of observing, and the fact of being observed
[형] designed for use in viewing something or in making observations

discovery

[명] 발견, …라고 하는 발견, 발견물

[명] finding, finding out, locating

[명] concealment

[명] the action or process of discovering or being discovered, Something discovered

restricted

[형] 제한된, 한정된, 좁은
[부] 제한적으로, 제한받아

[형] cramped, confined, constricted

[형] roomy, unlimited, unrestricted

[형] limited in extent, number, scope, or action, Limited within bounds
[동] simple past tense and past participle of restrict

error

[명] 잘못, 실수, 오류

[명] mistake, fallacy, slip

[명] a mistake, The state, quality, or condition of being wrong
[동] To function improperly due to an error, especially accompanied by error message, To show or contain an error or fault

tendency

[명] 경향, 성향, 추세
[형] 특수한 의도를 가진, 경향을 갖는

[명] propensity, trend, proclivity

[명] an inclination towards a particular characteristic or type of behaviour, A likelihood of behaving in a particular way or going in a particular direction

emphasize

[동] 강조하다, 역설하다, 중시하다

[동] bring/call/draw attention to, highlight, focus attention on

[동] understate, minimize, play down

[동] give special importance or value to in speaking or writing, To stress, give emphasis or extra weight to

ordinary

[명] 보통 사람, 보통 일, 정식
[형] 보통의, 평상의, 통례의

[형] usual, normal, standard

[형] abnormal, extraordinary, unusual

[명] what is commonplace or standard, A person with authority
[형] with no special or distinctive features, Having regular jurisdiction

surprised

[형] 놀란, 놀라는

[형] astonished, amazed, in amazement

[형] feeling or showing surprise

frequency

[명] 자주 일어남, 빈도, 빈발

[명] rate of occurrence, recurrence, commonness

[명] the rate at which something occurs over a particular period of time or in a given sample, The rate of occurrence of anything

richer

[형] 더 풍부한

[형] wealthy, rich, affluent

[형] poor, plain, scarce

[형] comparative form of rich: more rich
[명] A surname​

recording

[명] 기록, 녹음, 녹화
[형] 기록하는, 녹음하는, 기록 담당의

[명] record, video, tape

[명] the action or process of recording sound or a performance for subsequent reproduction or broadcast, A reproduction of sound, video, etc. stored in a permanent medium
[동] present participle of record

sound

[동] 울리다, 소리가 나다, …인 것 같다
[명] 소리, 음, 음향
[형] 건전한, 소리의, 견실한

[동] emit or cause to emit sound, To produce a sound
[명] vibrations that travel through the air or another medium and can be heard when they reach a person's or animal's ear, A sensation perceived by the ear caused by the vibration of air or some other medium
[형] in good condition, Healthy

vibrate

[동] 흔들리다, 진동하다, 떨다

[동] quiver, shake, tremble

[동] move continuously and rapidly to and fro, To shake with small, rapid movements to and fro
[명] The setting, on a portable electronic device, that causes it to vibrate rather than sound any needed alarms

experience

[명] 경험, 견문, 체험
[동] …을 경험하다, 경험하다, 겪다

[명] skill, knowledge, practical knowledge
[동] undergo, encounter, have

[명] practical contact with and observation of facts or events, The effect upon the judgment or feelings produced by any event, whether witnessed or participated in
[동] encounter or undergo, To observe certain events

conduct

[동] 처신하다, 행동하다, 하다
[명] 행위, 행동, 품행

[동] manage, carry out, direct
[명] behaviour, management, way of behaving

[동] organize and carry out, To lead, or guide
[명] the manner in which a person behaves, especially in a particular place or situation, The act or method of controlling or directing

pronounced

[형] 눈에 잘 띄는, 명백한, 확연한

[형] noticeable, marked, clear

[형] faint, imperceptible, inconspicuous

[형] very noticeable or marked, uttered, articulated
[동] simple past tense and past participle of pronounce

middle

[명] 중앙, 중점, 중부
[형] 한가운데의, 가운데의, 중앙의
[동] …을 한가운데에 두다, 한복판에 놓다, 한가운데에 두다

[명] centre, mean, heart
[형] central, mid, medium

[명] outside, circumference

[명] the point or position at an equal distance from the sides, edges, or ends of something, A centre, midpoint
[형] at an equal distance from the extremities of something, Located in the middle
[동] strike with the middle of the bat, racket, or club

vocal

[형] 목소리의, 소리의, 음성에 관한
[명] 유성음, 보컬, 목소리

[형] vocalized, outspoken, voiced

[형] taciturn, quiet, reticent

[형] relating to the human voice, Of, pertaining to, or resembling the human voice or speech
[명] a part of a piece of music that is sung, A vocal sound

outer

[명] 과녁의 맨 바깥쪽 원, 과녁 중심권 밖의 부분, 중심권 이외의 부분
[형] 밖의, 바깥 표면의, 외부의

[형] outside, external, outermost

[형] inner, central

[명] an outer garment or part of one, An outer part
[형] outside, existing independent of mind

external

[형] 외부의, 밖의, 외면의
[명] 바깥쪽, 외부, 보이는 것

[형] outer, outside, outermost

[형] internal, local, domestic

[형] belonging to or forming the outer surface or structure of something, Outside of something
[명] the outward features of something, The exterior

accent

[명] 악센트, 말씨, 강세
[동] …에 악센트를 붙여 발음하다, 악센트를 두다, 강조하다

[명] pronunciation, intonation, tone
[동] stress, emphasize, put/lay/place the stress on

[동] mask, divert attention from

[명] a distinctive way of pronouncing a language, especially one associated with a particular country, area, or social class, a distinct emphasis given to a syllable or word in speech by stress or pitch
[동] emphasize, play with emphasis

inner

[형] 안의, 내부의, 안쪽의
[명] 과녁의 내권, 과녁의 중심과 외권과의 사이의 부분, 그 명중탄. inner·ly 부사inner·ness 명사
이너 인사이드 포워드 윙과 센터 포워드 사이에서 경기하는 2명의 포워드

[형] central, inside, innermost

[형] outer, external, obvious

[형] situated inside or further in, Being or occurring inside, situated farther in, located or happening on the inside of something, situated within or farther within contained within something
[명] the inner part of something, An inner part

pathway

[명] 좁은 길, 오솔길, 작은 길

[명] a track that constitutes or serves as a path, A footpath or other path or track

deeper

[형] 더 깊은

[형] extending far down, big, deep
[명] the middle, middle, the midst
[부] far down, far, far in

[형] shallow, superficial, insincere

[형] comparative form of deep: more deep

stimulate

[동] 자극이 되다, 자극하다, 격려가 되다

[동] encourage, stimulate, act as a stimulus/incentive/impetus/fillip/spur to

[동] discourage

[동] raise levels of physiological or nervous activity in, To encourage into action

bone

[명] 뼈, 뼈조각, 골질
[동] 고래 수염 따위로 빳빳하게 하다, 뼈를 발라내다, 뼈를 바르다
[부] 완전히, 철저히, 몹시

[명] any of the pieces of hard whitish tissue making up the skeleton in humans and other vertebrates, A composite material consisting largely of calcium phosphate and collagen and making up the skeleton of most vertebrates
[동] remove the bones from before cooking, serving, or selling, To prepare by removing the bone or bones from
[형] Of an off-white colour, like the colour of bone

nonfunctional

비기능적

descend

[동] 내려가다, 내려오다, 하강하다

[동] go down, fall, come down

[동] ascend, rise, climb

[동] move or fall downwards, To pass from a higher to a lower place

independently

[부] 독립하여, 독립적으로, 자주적으로

[부] alone, separately, all alone

[부] accompanied, jointly, assisted

[부] in a way that is free from outside control or influence, In an independent manner

connected

[형] 연결된, 연속된, 관련이 있는

[형] linked, united, joined

[형] brought together or into contact so that a real or notional link is established, : Having favorable rapport with a powerful entity
[동] simple past tense and past participle of connect

function

[명] 기능, 작용, 행사
[동] 기능을 다하다, 기능을 하다, 기능하다

[명] purpose, task, business
[동] work, go, run

[명] cause
[동] malfunction

[명] an activity that is natural to or the purpose of a person or thing, What something does or is used for
[동] work or operate in a proper or particular way, To have a function

mammal

[명] 포유동물

[명] a warm-blooded vertebrate animal of a class that is distinguished by the possession of hair or fur, females that secrete milk for the nourishment of the young, and the birth of live young

forelimb

[명] 앞다리, 앞발, 앞날개

[명] either of the front limbs of an animal, The anterior limb of an animal

evolutionary

[형] 발달의, 진화적인, 진화의

[형] relating to or denoting the process by which different kinds of living organism are believed to have developed from earlier forms, Of or relating to the biological theory of evolution

biologist

[명] 생물학자, 생물 연구가

[명] an expert in or student of the branch of science concerning living organisms, A student of biology

distinguish

[동] …을 구별하다, 구별하다, 식별하다

[동] differentiate, tell apart, determine

[동] recognize or treat as different, To recognize someone or something as different from others based on its characteristics

ancestor

[명] 조상, 선조, 시조
[동] …의 선조가 되다

[명] forebear, forefather, predecessor

[명] descendant, successor

[명] a person, typically one more remote than a grandparent, from whom one is descended, One from whom a person is descended, whether on the father's or mother's side, at any distance of time
[동] To be an ancestor of

analogous

[형] 유사한, 비슷한, 닮은

[형] comparable, similar, parallel

[형] dissimilar, different, unrelated

[형] comparable in certain respects, typically in a way which makes clearer the nature of the things compared, Having analogy

arise

[동] 발생하다, 일어나다, 생기다

[동] come to light, happen, become apparent

[동] sit down, lie down

[동] emerge, To come up from a lower to a higher position

branch

[명] 가지, 나뭇가지, 가지 모양의 것
[동] 가지가 나오다, 가지를 내다, 갈라지다

[명] bough, limb, shoot
[동] fork, bifurcate, divide

[명] a part of a tree which grows out from the trunk or from a bough, The woody part of a tree arising from the trunk and usually dividing
[동] divide into one or more subdivisions, To arise from the trunk or a larger branch of a tree

trait

[명] 특성, 특징, 특색

[명] characteristic, attribute, feature

[명] a distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person, An identifying characteristic, habit or trend

architecture

[명] 건축, 건축학, 건축술

[명] building design, design, planning

[명] the art or practice of designing and constructing buildings, the style in which a building is designed and constructed, especially with regard to a specific period, place, or culture

organ

[명] 오르간, 장기, 파이프 오르간

[명] part of the body, body part, biological structure

[명] a part of an organism which is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function, A larger part of an organism, composed of tissues that perform similar functions

property

[명] 재산, 자산, 소유물

[명] possessions, belongings, goods

[명] a thing or things belonging to someone, Something that is owned

structure

[명] 구조, 건물, 구성
[동] …을 조직화하다, 구성하다, 조직하다

[명] building, arrangement, edifice
[동] arrange, organize, order

[명] the arrangement of and relations between the parts or elements of something complex, A cohesive whole built up of distinct parts
[동] construct or arrange according to a plan, To give structure to

abundance

[명] 풍부, 충만, 다수

[명] profusion, plenty, plentifulness

[명] lack, shortage, scarcity

[명] a very large quantity of something, A large quantity

polar

[형] 북극의, 극지의, 양극의

[형] Arctic, opposite, Antarctic

[형] relating to the North or South Pole, living in the north or south polar region
[명] the straight line joining the two points at which tangents from a fixed point touch a conic section, a variable binary star which emits strongly polarized light, one component being a strongly magnetic white dwarf

indicate

[동] …의 징후가 되다, 가리키다, 나타내다

[동] demonstrate, show, suggest

[동] point out, To point out

habitat

[명] 환경, 서식지, 거주 환경

[명] natural environment, home, natural element

[명] unnatural surroundings

[명] the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism, Conditions suitable for an organism or population of organisms to live

relatively

[부] 상대적으로, 비교적, 관련시켜

[부] comparatively, in comparison, rather

[부] in relation, comparison, or proportion to something else, Proportionally, in relation to some larger scale thing

breathe

[동] 숨쉬다, 호흡하다, 숨 쉬다

[동] inhale and exhale, respire, pant

[동] take air into the lungs and then expel it, especially as a regular physiological process, To draw air into , and expel air from , the lungs in order to extract oxygen and excrete waste gases

anoxic

[형] 산소 결핍의, 무산소증의
무산소의

[형] Suffering from a reduced supply of oxygen, of, relating to, or affected with anoxia

rapidly

[부] 빨리, 빠르게, 급속히

[부] quickly, fast, swiftly

[부] slowly

[부] very quickly, With speed

consequence

[명] 결과, 귀추, 귀결

[명] result, upshot, effect

[명] cause

[명] a result or effect, typically one that is unwelcome or unpleasant, That which follows something on which it depends
[동] To threaten or punish with specific consequences for misbehaviour

decline

[동] …을 거절하다, 거절하다, 줄어들다
[명] 경사, 기움, 감소

[동] turn down, fall, reject
[명] reduction, depression, decrease

[동] accept, rise, increase
[명] increase, rise, improvement

[동] become smaller, fewer, or less, To move downwards, to fall, to drop
[명] a gradual and continuous loss of strength, numbers, quality, or value, Downward movement, fall

seawater

[명] 해수, 바닷물
바닷물

[명] water in or taken from the sea, The saltwater of a sea or ocean
[형] Consisting of seawater, Associated in some way with seawater, or intended for dealing with seawater

worrisome

[형] 귀찮은, 꺼림칙한, 걱정스럽게 만드는

[형] worrying, disturbing, daunting

[형] causing anxiety or concern, Causing worry

populate

[동] …에 살다, 거주시키다, 살다

[동] inhabit, live/reside in, people

[동] form the population of, To supply with inhabitants

tropical

[형] 열대의, 열대 지방의, 열대 특유의
[명] 열대어, 트로피컬, 하복용 가벼운 옷
칵테일, 트로피컬

[형] very hot, hot, sweltering

[형] cold, arctic

[형] of, typical of, or peculiar to the tropics, very hot and humid

analyze

[동] 분석하다

dissolve

[동] 녹다, 용해되다, 녹이다

[동] go into solution, melt, become a solution

[동] condense, appear, join together

[동] become or cause to become incorporated into a liquid so as to form a solution, To terminate a union of multiple members actively, as by disbanding
[명] an act or instance of moving gradually from one image or scene in a film to another, a form of film punctuation in which there is a gradual transition from one scene to the next

impact

[명] 충돌, 영향, 충격
[동] 끼워넣다, 꽉 밀어 넣다, 영향을 주다

[명] collision, effect, crash
[동] crash into, hit, smash into

[명] the action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another, The striking of one body against another
[동] come into forcible contact with another object, To collide or strike, the act of impinging

establish

[동] 정착하다, 설립하다, 설치하다

[동] set up, establish, start

[동] disband, demolish, disprove

[동] set up on a firm or permanent basis, To make stable or firm

disastrous

[형] 재난을 불러일으키는, 비참한, 처참한

[형] catastrophic, terrible, disastrous

[형] fortunate, successful, beneficial

[형] causing great damage, Of the nature of a disaster

hold

[동] 들다, 잡고 있다, 갖고 있다
[명] 선창, 쥠, 쥐기

[동] clasp, carry, hold on to
[명] grip, grasp, clasp

[동] release, give way, let go of

[동] grasp, carry, or support with one's hands, To grasp or grip
[명] an act or manner of grasping something, A grasp or grip

grape

[명] 포도, 포도나무, 포도 나무
그레이프

[명] berry, vine fruit, wine

[명] a berry growing in clusters on a grapevine, eaten as fruit and used in making wine, wine

captivity

[명] 감금, 포로, 사로잡힘

[명] imprisonment, confinement, custody

[명] freedom

[명] the condition of being imprisoned or confined, The state of being captive

situation

[명] 장소, 위치, 상황

[명] circumstances, position, set of circumstances

[명] a set of circumstances in which one finds oneself, The combination of circumstances at a given moment

abandon

[동] 단념하다, 버리다, 포기하다
[명] 방종, 자유분방, 분방

[동] renounce, leave, abandon
[명] uninhibitedness, recklessness, dash

[동] keep, continue, claim
[명] self-control, restraint

[동] cease to support or look after, To give up or relinquish control of, to surrender or to give oneself over, or to yield to one's emotions
[명] complete lack of inhibition or restraint, A yielding to natural impulses or inhibitions

social

[형] 사회의, 사회적인, 사회생활을 하는
[명] 친목회, 사교 파티, 간담회

[형] communal, community, community-based
[명] party, get-together, gathering

[형] individual

[형] relating to society or its organization, Being extroverted or outgoing
[명] an informal social gathering, especially one organized by the members of a particular club or group, A festive gathering to foster introductions

prefer

[동] …을 좋아하다, 오히려 …을 좋아하다, 오히려 …쪽을 좋아하다

[동] like better, prefer, would rather

[동] like better than another or others, tend to choose

willing

[형] 기꺼이 …하는, …에 반대하지 않는, 기꺼이
[명] 하려는 마음

[형] ready, inclined, prepared

[형] unwilling, reluctant, disinclined

[형] ready, eager, or prepared to do something, Ready to do something that is not a matter of course
[동] present participle of will

capuchin

[명] 거미원숭이의 일종, 흰목꼬리감기원숭이, 캐퓨친 수도회 수도사

[명] a friar belonging to a branch of the Franciscan order that observes a strict rule drawn up in 1529, A monk in the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin

treat

[동] 다루다, 대우하다, 대하다
[명] 대접, 한턱내기, 특별한 것

[동] behave towards, act towards, deal with
[명] celebration, entertainment, party

[동] behave towards or deal with in a certain way, To negotiate, discuss terms, bargain
[명] an event or item that is out of the ordinary and gives great pleasure, An entertainment, outing, food, drink, or other indulgence provided by someone for the enjoyment of others

cucumber

[명] 오이, 오이 비슷한 식물, 달러

[명] a long, green-skinned fruit with watery flesh, usually eaten raw in salads or pickled, A vine in the gourd family, Cucumis sativus

experimenter

[명] 실험하는 사람, 실험자

[명] a person who performs a scientific procedure, especially in a laboratory, to determine something, A person who experiments

gain

[동] …에 눈금을 내다, …에 홈을 내다, 하게 되다
[명] 눈금, 홈, 증가

[동] obtain, acquire, get
[명] profit, rise, earnings

[동] lose
[명] loss, decrease

[동] obtain or secure, To acquire possession of
[명] an increase in wealth or resources, The act of gaining
[형] Easy, tolerable

slice

[동] …을 얇게 베다, 얇게 베다, 썰다
[명] 얇은 조각, 얇게 썬 조각, 조각

[동] cut, cut up, divide
[명] piece, portion, segment

[동] cut into slices, To cut into slices
[명] a thin, broad piece of food, such as bread, meat, or cake, cut from a larger portion, That which is thin and broad
[형] Having the properties of a slice knot

unfair

[형] 부당한, 불공평한

[형] unjust, biased, inequitable

[형] fair, ethical, just

[형] not based on or behaving according to the principles of equality and justice, not beautiful

inequality

[명] 같지 않음, 불평등, 부동

[명] imbalance, disparity, inequity

[명] equality, uniformity

[명] difference in size, degree, circumstances, etc, An unfair, not equal, state

communicate

[동] 전하다, 전달하다, 연락을 주고받다

[동] convey, contact, tell

[동] withhold from, keep secret

[동] share or exchange information, news, or ideas, To impart

universally

[부] 보편적으로, 일반적으로, 누구에게서나

[부] invariably, without exception, always

[부] by everyone, In a universal manner

displeasure

[명] 불만, 불쾌, 불쾌감
[동] …의 기분을 나쁘게 하다

[명] annoyance, irritation, anger

[명] pleasure, satisfaction

[명] a feeling of annoyance or disapproval, A feeling of being displeased with something or someone
[동] annoy, To displease or offend

monkey

[명] 원숭이, 원숭이 모피, 털이 긴 원숭이 모피
[동] 빈둥거리다, 흉내내다, 장난치다

[명] simian, primate, ape

[명] a small to medium-sized primate that typically has a long tail, most kinds of which live in trees in tropical countries, Any member of the clade Simiiformes not also of the clade Hominoidea containing humans and apes, from which they are usually, but not universally, distinguished by smaller size, a tail, and cheek pouches
[동] behave in a silly or playful way, To meddle

trade

[명] 매매, 무역, 거래
[동] …을 매매하다, 장사를 하다, 거래하다
[형] 상업의, 무역의, 특정 직업용의

[명] commerce, buying and selling, dealing
[동] deal, traffic, buy and sell

[명] the action of buying and selling goods and services, Buying and selling of goods and services on a market
[동] buy and sell goods and services, To engage in trade
[형] Of a product, produced for sale in the ordinary bulk retail trade and hence of only the most basic quality

compression

[명] 압축, 압착, 압축 상태

[명] squeezing, pressing, crushing

[명] the action of compressing or being compressed, An increase in density

testimony

[명] 선서 증언, 증언, 증거

[명] evidence, sworn statement, information

[명] a formal written or spoken statement, especially one given in a court of law, Statements made by a witness in court

efficient

[형] 능률적인, 효과가 있는, 효과를 내는

[형] well organized, effective, methodical

[형] inefficient, disorganized, incompetent

[형] achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense, making good, thorough, or careful use of resources

lens

[명] 렌즈, 결합 렌즈, 복합 렌즈

[명] a piece of glass or other transparent material with curved sides for concentrating or dispersing light rays, used singly or with other lenses, An object, usually made of glass, that focuses or defocuses the light that passes through it
[동] To film, shoot, to make a motion picture of
commune in northern France southwest of Lille population 35,032

recode

재부호화

[동] put into a different code, To code again or differently

eyewitness

[명] 목격자, 증인, 현장 증인
[동] …을 목격하다, 목격하다, 직접 보다
[형] 목격자의

[명] observer, onlooker, witness

[명] a person who has seen something happen and can give a first-hand description of it, Someone who sees an event and can report or testify about it
[동] To be present at an event, and see it

generalize

[동] 종합하다, 개괄하다, 일반화하다

[동] make a general or broad statement by inferring from specific cases, To speak in generalities, or in vague terms

break

[동] 깨뜨리다, 깨다, 깨어지다
[명] 파괴, 갈라진 틈, 휴식

[동] shatter, smash, separate
[명] interruption, fracture, interval

[동] repair, mend, obey

[동] separate or cause to separate into pieces as a result of a blow, shock, or strain, To separate into two or more pieces, to fracture or crack, by a process that cannot easily be reversed for reassembly
[명] an interruption of continuity or uniformity, An instance of breaking something into two or more pieces

motivation

[명] 자극, 동기를 주기, 동기 부여

[명] motive, incentive, motivating force

[명] a reason or reasons for acting or behaving in a particular way, Willingness of action especially in behavior

undermine

[동] …의 밑을 파다, 약화시키다, 서서히 약화시키다

[동] subvert, weaken, sabotage

[동] enhance, reinforce, improve

[동] erode the base or foundation of, To dig underneath , to make a passage for destructive or military purposes

retrieve

[동] 찾아서 가져오다, 사냥감을 찾아서 물어오다, 되찾아오다
[명] 되찾기, 회복, 만회

[동] get back, recover, regain

[동] get or bring back from somewhere, find and bring back
[명] an act of retrieving something, especially game that has been shot, an act of reeling or drawing in a fishing line

believe

[동] 믿다, 생각하다, 신용하다

[동] be convinced by, think, trust

[동] disbelieve, doubt

[동] accept that is true, especially without proof, To accept as true, particularly without absolute certainty

primacy

[명] 제1위, 제일, 최고

[명] greater importance, supremacy, priority

[명] the fact of being pre-eminent or most important, The state or condition of being prime or first, as in time, place, rank, etc

algorithm

[명] 알고리듬, 연산, 알고리즘

[명] a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer, A collection of ordered steps that solve a mathematical problem A precise step-by-step plan for a computational procedure that possibly begins with an input value and yields an output value in a finite number of steps

bitmap

[명] 비트맵, 또는 그 화상 표현 방식

[명] a representation in which each item corresponds to one or more bits of information, especially the information used to control the display of a computer screen, A series of bits that represents a rasterized graphic image, each pixel being represented as a group of bits
[동] represent as a bitmap

identify

[동] 동일시하다, 자기를 동일시하다, 확인하다

[동] recognize, identify, single out

[동] distinguish

[동] establish or indicate who or what is, To establish the identity of

experimental

[형] 실험의, 실험적인, 실험에 의거한

[형] exploratory, test, investigational

[형] finished, theoretical, stale

[형] based on untested ideas or techniques and not yet established or finalized, Pertaining to or founded on experiment
[명] The subject of an experiment

decision

[명] 결정, 해결, 판단
[동] …에게 판정승하다, 판정으로 이기다

[명] resolution, judgment, conclusion

[명] a conclusion or resolution reached after consideration, The act of deciding
[동] To defeat an opponent by a decision of the judges, rather than by a knockout, to win by being awarded more points than

facial

[형] 얼굴의, 얼굴에 사용하는, 안면의
[명] 얼굴 마사지, 안면 마사지, 미안술

[형] of or affecting the face, of or relating to the face
[명] a beauty treatment for the face, A personal care beauty treatment which involves cleansing and moisturizing of the human face

interpretation

[명] 해석, 해설, 설명

[명] explanation, elucidation, meaning

[명] the action of explaining the meaning of something, An act of interpreting or explaining something unclear

immediate

[형] 곧 일어나는, 즉각의, 즉각적인

[형] instant, instantaneous, prompt

[형] delayed, later, gradual

[형] occurring or done at once, Happening right away, instantly, with no delay

justification

[명] 정당화, 타당한 이유, 정당하다는 증거

[명] grounds, reason, just cause

[명] the action of showing something to be right or reasonable, A reason, explanation, or excuse which provides convincing, morally acceptable support for behavior or for a belief or occurrence

laboratory

[명] 실험실, 시험소, 시험실
[형] 실험실의, 실험에 관한, 실습의

[명] a room or building equipped for scientific experiments, research, or teaching, or for the manufacture of drugs or chemicals, A room, building or institution equipped for scientific research, experimentation or analysis

test

[명] 시험, 검사, 실험
[동] 시험하다, 검사를 하다, 실험하다

[명] trial, test, experiment
[동] try out, check, test

[명] a procedure intended to establish the quality, performance, or reliability of something, especially before it is taken into widespread use, A challenge, trial
[동] take measures to check the quality, performance, or reliability of , especially before putting it into widespread use or practice, To challenge
[형] of, relating to, or constituting a test, subjected to, used for, or revealed by testing

procedure

[명] 진행, 순서, 절차

[명] course of action, method, line of action

[명] an established or official way of doing something, A particular method for performing a task

impression

[명] 인상, 광고가 노출되는 횟수, 감명

[명] feeling, idea, sense

[명] an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone, especially one formed without conscious thought or on the basis of little evidence, an effect produced on someone

unconscious

[형] 느끼지 못하는, 모르는, 의식을 잃은
[명] 무의식. unconscious·ly 부사무의식적으로. unconscious·ness 명사무의식, 무의식, 인사불성

[형] knocked out, senseless, unconscious
[명] subconscious mind, subconscious, unconscious mind

[형] conscious, awake, aware
[명] conscious mind

[형] not awake and aware of and responding to one's environment, Not awake
[명] the part of the mind which is inaccessible to the conscious mind but which affects behaviour and emotions, Unconscious mind

feature

[명] 특징, 특색, 얼굴의 생김새
[동] …의 특징을 그리다, 특색으로 삼다, 특별히 포함하다

[명] characteristic, aspect, attribute
[동] present, spotlight, promote

[명] a distinctive attribute or aspect of something, An important or main item
[동] have as a prominent attribute or aspect, To ascribe the greatest importance to something within a certain context

deliberation

[명] 숙고, 심사숙고, 숙의

[명] thought, consideration, thinking

[명] haste

[명] long and careful consideration or discussion, The act of deliberating, or of weighing and examining the reasons for and against a choice or measure

performance

[명] 연주, 실행, 공연
[형] 고성능의

[명] show, presentation, production

[명] an act of presenting a play, concert, or other form of entertainment, The act of performing

superior

[형] 상위의, 뛰어난, 우수한
[명] 손윗사람, 우수한 사람, 윗사람

[형] higher-ranking, better, higher-level
[명] manager, boss, senior

[형] inferior, junior, average
[명] inferior, subordinate, assistant

[형] higher in rank, status, or quality, of high standard or quality
[명] a person superior to another in rank or status, especially a colleague in a higher position, A person of higher rank or quality, especially a colleague in a higher position

selection

[명] 선발, 선택, 고르기

[명] choice, pick, choosing

[명] the action or fact of carefully choosing someone or something as being the best or most suitable, The process or act of selecting

reaction

[명] 역방향으로의 움직임, 반작용, 반응

[명] response, answer, acknowledgment

[명] something done, felt, or thought in response to a situation or event, An action or statement in response to a stimulus or other event