challenging

[형] 흥미를 끄는, 도전적인, 해볼 만한

[형] demanding, testing, taxing

[형] easy, uninspiring

[형] testing one's abilities, Difficult, hard to do
[명] The act of making a challenge
[동] present participle of challenge

household

[명] 가족, 가정, 집안
[형] 가정의, 가족의, 일가의

[명] family, house, home
[형] domestic, family, workaday

[형] exotic

[명] a house and its occupants regarded as a unit, Collectively, all the persons who live in a given house
[형] Belonging to the same house and family, of or relating to a household

criticize

[동] 비평하다, 흠잡다, 비판하다

[동] find fault with, censure, denounce

[동] praise, approve of

[동] indicate the faults of in a disapproving way, To find fault

ciriticism

critical

[형] 비평의, 비판적인, 비평 전문의

[형] censorious, crucial, condemnatory

[형] complimentary, unimportant, safe

[형] expressing adverse or disapproving comments or judgements, Inclined to find fault or criticize
[명] A critical value, factor, etc, In breakdancing, a kind of airflare move in which the dancer hops from one hand to the other

population

[명] 인구, 주민수, 주민

[명] inhabitants, residents, people

[명] all the inhabitants of a particular place, The people living within a political or geographical boundary

individual

[명] 개인, 개체, 사람
[형] 개개의, 각각의, 단일의

[명] person, human being, being
[형] single, separate, discrete

[형] collective, ordinary, conventional

[명] a single human being as distinct from a group, A person considered alone, rather than as belonging to a group of people
[형] single, Relating to a single person or thing as opposed to more than one

individually

[부] 개성적으로, 개인으로, 개별적으로

[부] one at a time, separately, one by one

[부] together

[부] one by one, As individuals, separately, independently

hesitate

[동] 주저하다, 망설이다, 머뭇거리다

[동] pause, waver, hesitate

[동] be resolute, be decisive, be certain

[동] pause in indecision before saying or doing something, To stop or pause respecting decision or action

insist

[동] 요구하다, 강요하다, 고집하다

[동] stand firm, persist, be firm

[동] give up

[동] demand something forcefully, not accepting refusal, To hold up a claim emphatically

insistent

moral

[명] 교훈, 우의, 도덕률
[형] 도덕의, 도덕과 관련된, 도덕에 관한

[명] lesson, message, meaning
[형] ethical, social, behavioural

[형] immoral, bad, dishonourable

[명] a lesson that can be derived from a story or experience, The ethical significance or practical lesson
[형] concerned with the principles of right and wrong behaviour, Of or relating to principles of right and wrong in behaviour, especially for teaching right behaviour
[동] To moralize

ethical

[형] 윤리의, 도덕상의, 윤리적인
[명] 처방전 없이 판매할 수 없는 약

[형] moral, social, behavioural

[형] unethical

[형] relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these, Of or relating to the study of ethics
[명] An ethical drug, one only dispensed on the prescription of a physician

ethic

[명] 윤리, 도덕, 도덕론

[명] a set of moral principles, especially ones relating to or affirming a specified group, field, or form of conduct, A set of principles of right and wrong behaviour guiding, or representative of, a specific culture, society, group, or individual
[형] relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these, Moral, relating to morals

establish

[동] 정착하다, 설립하다, 설치하다

[동] set up, establish, start

[동] disband, demolish, disprove

[동] set up on a firm or permanent basis, To make stable or firm

found

[동] find의 과거·과거분사, 설립하다, FIND의 과거·과거 분사
[형] 발견된, 설비를 갖춘, 습득한
[명] 급료 외에 무료로 제공되는 것, 숙식, 무료로 제공되는 것

[동] establish, set up, start

[동] dissolve, liquidate, abandon

[동] past and past participle of find, simple past tense and past participle of find
[형] having been discovered by chance or unexpectedly, having all usual, standard, or reasonably expected equipment
[명] A thin, single-cut file for comb-makers, free food and lodging in addition to wages

possess

[동] 가지다, 소유하다, 소유물로 가지다

[동] own, have, be the owner of

[동] have as belonging to one, To have as, or as if as, an owner

urge

[동] 이끌리다, 자극하다, 충고하다
[명] 남을 몰아대는 충동, 몰아댐, 욕구

[동] encourage, beg, try to persuade
[명] desire, impulse, wish

[동] discourage
[명] reluctance

[동] try earnestly or persistently to persuade to do something, To press
[명] a strong desire or impulse, A strong desire

innovation

[명] 혁신, 채용된 새로운 것, 쇄신

[명] change, alteration, revolution

[명] the action or process of innovating, The act of innovating

referee

[명] 중재자, 심판원, 심판
[동] 중재인 노릇을 하다, …의 중재를 하다, 심판을 보다

[명] umpire, judge, referee's assistant
[동] umpire, judge, adjudicate

[명] an official who watches a game or match closely to ensure that the rules are adhered to and to arbitrate on matters arising from the play, a person willing to testify in writing about the character or ability of someone, especially an applicant for a job
[동] act as the referee of

nerve

[명] 신경, 신경 섬유, 용기
[동] …을 격려하다, …에게 힘을 주다, 용기를 내어 ~하다

[명] nerve fibre, axon, self-confidence

[명] timidity, faint-heartedness, shyness

[명] a whitish fibre or bundle of fibres in the body that transmits impulses of sensation to the brain or spinal cord, and impulses from these to the muscles and organs, one's steadiness and courage in a demanding situation
[동] brace oneself mentally to face a demanding situation

nervous

[형] 불안해 하는, 신경이 과민한, 걱정을 많이 하는

[형] highly strung, apprehensive, nervous

[형] calm, relaxed, easy-going

[형] easily agitated or alarmed, anxious or apprehensive

initial

[명] 머리글자, 이름의 첫 글자, 머리 글자
[형] 처음의, 초기의, 발단의
[동] …에 머리글자를 쓰다, 머리글자로 서명하다, 성명의 첫 글자들을 표시하다

[명] initial letter, beginning letter, initialsabbreviation
[형] beginning, opening, first
[동] put one's initials on, sign, countersign

[형] final
[동] reject, repeal

[명] the first letter of a name or word, typically a person's given name or a word forming part of a phrase, The first letter of a word or a name
[형] existing or occurring at the beginning, Chronologically first, early
[동] mark or sign with one's initials in order to authorize or validate it, To sign one's initial, as an abbreviated signature

initially

[부] 처음에, 첫머리에, 시초에

[부] at first, at the start, first

[부] finally, in the end

[부] at first, At the beginning

vivid

[형] 생생한, 발랄한, 산뜻한

[형] bright, clear, bright-coloured

[형] dull, vague, washed out

[형] producing powerful feelings or strong, clear images in the mind, Clear, detailed or powerful
[명] A felt-tipped permanent marker

vague

[형] 막연한, 희미한, 분명치 않은
[명] 미확정 상태, 막연한 상태, 애매모호

[형] indistinct, unclear, indefinite

[형] clear, precise, distinct

[형] of uncertain, indefinite, or unclear character or meaning, Not clearly expressed
[명] An indefinite expanse
[동] to wander, to roam

welfare

[명] 복지, 안녕, 행복
[형] 복지의, 복지 시설의, 복지 보조비를 받는

[명] well-being, wellbeing, health

[명] hardship

[명] the health, happiness, and fortunes of a person or group, Health, safety, happiness and prosperity
[동] To provide with welfare or aid

institution

[명] 설립, 학회, 기관

[명] organization, establishment, body

[명] dismissal, defrocking, halting

[명] an organization founded for a religious, educational, professional, or social purpose, A custom or practice of a society or community

evaporate

[동] 증발하다, 기화하다, 사라지다

[동] vaporize, disappear, become vapour

[동] condense, wet, materialize

[동] turn from liquid into vapour, to transition from a liquid state into a gaseous state

facilitate

[동] …을 용이하게 하다, 용이하게 하다, 가능하게 하다

[동] make easy/easier, further, ease

[동] impede, hinder

[동] make easy or easier, To make easy or easier

facility

[명] 편의, 설비, 시설

[명] provision, amenity, space

[명] difficulty

[명] a place, amenity, or piece of equipment provided for a particular purpose, The fact of being easy, or easily done

temptation

[명] 유혹, 유혹물, 유혹함

[명] desire, enticement, urge

[명] the desire to do something, especially something wrong or unwise, The act of tempting

tempt

[동] …을 꾀다, 유혹하다, 꾀다

[동] entice, attract, tempt

[동] discourage, deter, dissuade

[동] entice or try to entice to do something that they find attractive but know to be wrong or unwise, To provoke someone to do wrong, especially by promising a reward

vegetarian

[형] 채식주의의, 채식의, 채식주의자를 위한
[명] 채식자, 채식자 유제품 및 달걀을 함께 먹는 채식주의자는 lacto-ovo vegetarian, 채식주의자
베지테리엔

[형] relating to vegetarians or vegetarianism, Of or relating to the type of diet eaten by vegetarians
[명] a person who does not eat meat or fish, and sometimes other animal products, especially for moral, religious, or health reasons, A person who does not eat animal flesh, or, in some cases, use any animal products 1839 Fanny Kemble, Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation in 1838–1839, Harper and Brothers, New York, 1863, pp 197–198:

vegan

now that

…이므로, …이기 때문에

[접] As a consequence of the fact that, since

what is worse

엎친 데 덮친 격으로

to make matters worse

설상가상으로

with the result that a bad situation is made worse

cross one's finger

think outside the box

have nothing to do with

have something to do with

~와 뭔가 관련이 있다